HIV Prevention Trials Network: Network Laboratory

HIV 预防试验网络：网络实验室

• 批准号: 8088233
• 负责人: SUSAN H ESHLEMAN
• 金额: $ 538.24万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-06-01 至 2013-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8088233
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; Adolescent; Africa; Africa South of the Sahara; Americas; Asia; Behavioral; Biological; Clinical Trials Unit; Cocaine; Communities; Country; Detection; Developing Countries; Drug usage; Ethics; Europe; Funding; Global Change; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV prevention trials network; Heterosexuals; IMPAACT; Incidence; Incidence Study; Infant; Infection; Injection of therapeutic agent; International; Intervention; Investments; Laboratories; Leadership; Methamphetamine; Mission; Mothers; Needle Sharing; Perinatal; Persons; Population; Populations at Risk; Prevention; Prevention Research; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Public Health Practice; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recruitment Activity; Research; Resources; Risk; Risk Reduction; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Site; Substance Addiction; Technology; Testing; Vaccines; Viral Load result; antiretroviral therapy; design; experience; high risk; men who have sex with men; microbicide; novel; prevent; substance abuse treatment; substance abuser; transmission process

The mission of the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) is to discover and develop interventions that can be used globally to prevent sexual and/or parenteral transmission of HIV. Our research encompasses the testing of novel biomedical and behavioral approaches. We seek HIV prevention strategies that are effective, safe, feasible, and sustainable, even in resource-limited settings. The incumbent HPTN has built field site research capacity in 16 developing countries. In the International HIVNET and the HPTN, we have recruited 31,250 HIV uninfected (principally) and infected persons into 38 trials (19,500 by the incumbent HPTN since 1999). Subjects are almost exclusively high risk, including adolescents and acutely infected persons. Focusing on resource-constrained countries in Africa, Asia, So. America, and E. Europe, as well as high incidence populations in the U.S., our highest impact trials have literally changed global public health practice, as with HIVNET 012 for the prevention of mother-to-infant HIV transmission. We are dividing the current HPTN agenda into three parts, our perinatal group partnering to create IMPAACT and the microbicide group spearheading MTN. Hence, the new HPTN focus is fourfold: (1) antiretroviral therapy and co-infection therapy for viral load reduction and prevention of HIV transmission; (2) treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STI) to lower HIV transmission risk; (3) treatment of substance abuse and addiction, including injection drug use and stimulants (cocaine and methamphetamines) to reduce HIV transmission; and (4) behavioral risk reduction with biological endpoints. We use randomized controlled trials with HIV incidence endpoints in uninfected persons. For prevention research among acutely and chronically HIV- infected persons, we study incidence of non-HIV STIs, lowering of HIV viral load, and/or HIV incidence in sexual or needle-sharing partners. We propose to complete five ongoing HPTN trials and to transition an additional six ongoing HPTN trials to IMPAACT and MTN networks, if funded. We present eight new trial concepts, five for prevention of HIV infection, one for detection and intervention among acutely infected persons (pre-seroconversion), and two focused on prevention among HIV-seropositive persons. Our risk populations include high risk heterosexuals, men who have sex with men, substance abusers, and, for selected trials, their sexual or needle-sharing partners. Our proposed affiliated Clinical Trials Units serve at- risk populations on five continents, especially sub-Saharan Africa and the U.S. The HPTN Leadership Group is experienced and diverse and includes experienced ethics experts and community leaders. HPTN governance is designed to develop and complete trials efficiently. We emphasize concepts of high potential public health impact, focusing on existing technologies that can be brought immediately into practice. Therefore, our agenda is complementary to long-term investments (finding a cure, vaccine, or microbicide).

HIV预防试验网络（HPTN）的使命是发现和制定可以 在全球范围内用于预防艾滋病毒的性和/或肠胃外传播。我们的研究包括 测试新型生物医学和行为方法。我们寻求有效的艾滋病毒预防策略， 即使在资源有限的设置中，安全，可行和可持续。现任HPTN已建立了现场网站 16个发展中国家的研究能力。在国际Hivnet和HPTN中，我们招募了 31,250 HIV未感染（主要是）和受感染的人进行了38次试验（由现任HPTN造成19,500 1999）。受试者几乎完全是高风险，包括青少年和急性感染的人。 专注于非洲，亚洲的资源受限国家。美国和E.欧洲以及高 美国发病率人群，我们的最高影响力试验实际上改变了全球公共卫生 练习，就像HIVNET 012一样，用于预防母亲到艾滋病毒的传播。我们正在分裂 当前的HPTN议程分为三个部分，我们的围产期群体合作创造了不可行的行动和 微生物群矛式MTN。因此，新的HPTN焦点是四重：（1）抗逆转录病毒疗法和 降低病毒载荷和预防HIV传播的共同感染疗法； （2）性治疗 传播感染（STI）以降低HIV传播风险； （3）治疗药物滥用和成瘾， 包括注射药物的使用和兴奋剂（可卡因和甲基苯丙胺）以减少HIV传播； （4）生物终点的行为风险降低。我们使用HIV随机对照试验 未感染的人的发病终点。用于急性和慢性HIV之间的预防研究 受感染的人，我们研究非HIV性传播感染的发生率，降低HIV病毒载量和/或HIV发病率 性或针刺伴侣。我们建议完成五项正在进行的HPTN试验，并过渡 如果获得资助，还有六项正在进行的HPTN试验对不可行和MTN网络进行。我们提出八次新试验 概念，预防艾滋病毒感染的五个，一种用于急性感染的检测和干预 人物（前转化前），两个人重点介绍了艾滋病毒阳性人群的预防。我们的风险 人口包括高风险异性恋，与男人发生性关系的男人，滥用药物，以及 选定的试验，他们的性或​​针刺伴侣。我们提议的附属临床试验单元服务于 在五大洲，尤其是撒哈拉以南非洲和美国的风险人口 经验丰富和多样化，包括经验丰富的道德专家和社区领袖。 hptn 治理旨在有效地开发和完成试验。我们强调高潜力的概念 公共卫生的影响，重点关注可以立即实施的现有技术。 因此，我们的议程是长期投资（寻找治疗，疫苗或杀生型）的补充。