Vitamin A Supplementation and Retinol Metabolism in the Neonatal Period

新生儿期维生素A的补充和视黄醇的代谢

基本信息

批准号：
8607636
负责人：
A. CATHARINE ROSS
金额：
$ 5.81万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-08-20 至 2014-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8607636
关键词：
Admixture Adult Affect Africa Air All-Trans-Retinol Alveolar Area Asia Birth Blood Vessels Bolus Infusion Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Cell Respiration Child Clinical Treatment Country Dexamethasone Diet Differentiation and Growth Dose Embryonic Development Esterification Esters Failure Family Genes Genetic Transcription Health Policy Health Professional Hematopoiesis Human Human Milk Immune response Infant Inflammation Inflammatory Response International Kidney Kinetics Knowledge Life Ligands Link Liver Low Birth Weight Infant Lung Lung diseases Measures Metabolic Metabolism Methods Modeling Molecular Morbidity - disease rate Mus Neonatal Neonatal Intensive Care Newborn Infant Nuclear Nutrient Nutritional Requirements Organ Outcome Oxygen Physiological Physiology Placebos Plasma Policies Policy Maker Postpartum Period Public Health Rattus Recommendation Recommended Dietary Allowance Reporting Research Respiratory physiology Retinal Retinoid Receptor Retinoids Retinol Binding Proteins Retinol Metabolism Pathway Structure of parenchyma of lung Supplementation Surface System Testing Tissue Differentiation Tissues Tracer Translations Tretinoin Vitamin A absorption age group cell type feeding functional outcomes improved lung maturation mathematical model mature animal mortality neonate oxidation postnatal rapid growth retinoic acid 4-hydroxylase trafficking uptake

项目摘要

At birth, the concentrations of vitamin A (VA, retinol) in liver and plasma are much lower than in older children and well-fed adults. The VA nutritional requirement of the neonate has only been estimated by determining the amount of VA consumed in breast milk, but the neonate¿s true metabolic requirement for VA is not known. VA supplementation trials in which a large bolus dose is delivered soon after birth are being conducted in countries where VA deficiency is considered a public health problem to determine if morbidity and mortality are reduced, yet there is no physiological model of VA metabolism to help guide public health professionals and policy makers in deciding if neonates are able to store and retain a large bolus dose of VA. The hypothesis is that VA supplementation vs. placebo, and a combination of VA and its active metabolite retinoic acid (RA), VARA, compared to VA alone, will alter whole-body retinol kinetics in neonates. The aims make use of mathematical modeling to test whether VARA is more effective than VA in directing retinol into specific tissues (lungs, and other organs), and whether maternal postpartum dietary VA alters retinol metabolism in the neonate. The aims also test whether VA and VARA favorably affects the inflammatory response of the lungs caused by oxygen treatment, as is frequently necessary for low birth weight infants. These studies will generate new knowledge on the absorption, storage and utilization of retinol, together with molecular factors and functional outcomes in neonates. The research will be significant for understanding neonatal retinol physiology; VA nutritional requirements; for translation to international and national public health policy decisions; and potentially for translation to improved neonatal intensive care.

出生时，肝脏和血浆中维生素A（VA，视黄醇）的浓度远低于年龄较大儿童和喂养良好的成年人。新生儿的VA营养需求仅由确定母乳中消耗的VA量不知道。 VA补充试验，其中大量大通剂量在出生后不久就进行了在VA缺乏症被认为是公共卫生问题以确定发病率的国家中进行的死亡率降低了，但没有VA代谢的物理模型来指导公共卫生专业人士和政策制定者决定了新生儿是否能够存储和保留大量的VA剂量。假设是补充VA与安慰剂，以及VA及其活性代谢物的组合与单独的VA相比，视黄酸（RA）（RA）将改变新生儿的全身视黄醇动力学。目的利用数学建模来测试VARA在将视黄醇引导到中是否比VA更有效特定的组织（肺部和其他器官），以及母体产后饮食VA是否改变视黄醇新生儿的代谢。目的还测试VA和Vara是否有利影响炎症低出生体重婴儿经常需要进行氧气治疗引起的肺部反应。这些研究将产生有关视黄醇的吸收，存储和利用的新知识分子因子和新生儿的功能结果。这项研究对于理解至关重要新生儿视网膜生理； VA营养要求；转化为国际和国家公众健康政策决定；并有可能翻译以改善新生儿重症监护。