Vitamin A Supplementation and Retinol Metabolism in the Neonatal Period

新生儿期维生素 A 补充和视黄醇代谢

• 批准号: 8008598
• 负责人: A. CATHARINE ROSS
• 金额: $ 32.87万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-20 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8008598
• 关键词: Admixture; Adult; Affect; Africa; Air; All-Trans-Retinol; Alveolar; Area; Asia; Birth; Blood Vessels; Bolus Infusion; Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia; Cell Respiration; Child; Clinical Treatment; Country; Dexamethasone; Diet; Differentiation and Growth; Dose; Embryonic Development; Esterification; Esters; Failure; Family; Genes; Genetic Transcription; Health Policy; Health Professional; Hematopoiesis; Human; Human Milk; Hydrolysis; Immune response; Infant; Inflammation; Inflammatory Response; International; Kidney; Kinetics; Knowledge; Life; Ligands; Link; Liver; Low Birth Weight Infant; Lung; Lung diseases; Measures; Metabolic; Metabolism; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Morbidity - disease rate; Mus; Neonatal; Neonatal Intensive Care; Newborn Infant; Nuclear; Nutrient; Nutritional Requirements; Organ; Outcome; Oxygen; Physiological; Physiology; Placebos; Plasma; Policies; Policy Maker; Postpartum Period; Public Health; RalDH1; Rattus; Recommendation; Recommended Dietary Allowance; Reporting; Research; Respiratory physiology; Retinal; Retinoid Receptor; Retinoids; Retinol Binding Proteins; Retinol Metabolism Pathway; Structure of parenchyma of lung; Supplementation; Surface; System; Testing; Tissue Differentiation; Tissues; Tracer; Translations; Tretinoin; Vitamin A; absorption; age group; cell type; feeding; functional outcomes; improved; lung maturation; mathematical model; mature animal; mortality; neonate; oxidation; postnatal; public health relevance; rapid growth; trafficking; uptake

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): At birth, the concentrations of vitamin A (VA, retinol) in liver and plasma are much lower than in older children and well-fed adults. The VA nutritional requirement of the neonate has only been estimated by determining the amount of VA consumed in breast milk, but the neonate's true metabolic requirement for VA is not known. VA supplementation trials in which a large bolus dose is delivered soon after birth are being conducted in countries where VA deficiency is considered a public health problem to determine if morbidity and mortality are reduced, yet there is no physiological model of VA metabolism to help guide public health professionals and policy makers in deciding if neonates are able to store and retain a large bolus dose of VA. The hypothesis is that VA supplementation vs. placebo, and a combination of VA and its active metabolite retinoic acid (RA), VARA, compared to VA alone, will alter whole-body retinol kinetics in neonates. The aims make use of mathematical modeling to test whether VARA is more effective than VA in directing retinol into specific tissues (lungs, and other organs), and whether maternal postpartum dietary VA alters retinol metabolism in the neonate. The aims also test whether VA and VARA favorably affects the inflammatory response of the lungs caused by oxygen treatment, as is frequently necessary for low birth weight infants. These studies will generate new knowledge on the absorption, storage and utilization of retinol, together with molecular factors and functional outcomes in neonates. The research will be significant for understanding neonatal retinol physiology; VA nutritional requirements; for translation to international and national public health policy decisions; and potentially for translation to improved neonatal intensive care. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Statement The physiological requirement of neonates for vitamin A (VA, retinol) is unknown and no model exists of whole-body retinol metabolism for this age group. We will use isotopic tracer analysis and mathematical modeling to establish a kinetic model of retinol metabolism in neonatal rats, and correlate the results with molecular and functional indicators of lung maturation. The evidence from these studies will help to inform U.S. dietary recommendations for infants, international VA supplementation policy, and clinical treatment of neonatal lung disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：出生时，肝脏和血浆中维生素 A（VA、视黄醇）的浓度远低于年龄较大的儿童和营养良好的成年人。新生儿的VA营养需求仅通过确定母乳中VA的消耗量来估计，但新生儿对VA的真实代谢需求尚不清楚。在 VA 缺乏被视为公共卫生问题的国家，正在进行 VA 补充试验，以确定发病率和死亡率是否降低，但尚无 VA 代谢的生理模型来帮助指导公众。卫生专业人员和政策制定者决定新生儿是否能够储存和保留大剂量的 VA。假设与单独使用 VA 相比，补充 VA 与安慰剂，以及 VA 及其活性代谢物视黄酸 (RA)、VARA 的组合，将改变新生儿的全身视黄醇动力学。目的是利用数学模型来测试 VARA 是否比 VA 更有效地将视黄醇引导到特定组织（肺和其他器官），以及母亲产后饮食 VA 是否会改变新生儿的视黄醇代谢。目的还测试 VA 和 VARA 是否对氧气治疗引起的肺部炎症反应产生有利影响，这对于低出生体重婴儿来说通常是必需的。这些研究将产生关于视黄醇的吸收、储存和利用，以及新生儿的分子因素和功能结果的新知识。该研究对于了解新生儿视黄醇生理学具有重要意义； VA 营养需求；转化为国际和国家公共卫生政策决定；并有可能转化为改善新生儿重症监护。 公共卫生相关性：声明 新生儿对维生素 A（VA、视黄醇）的生理需求尚不清楚，并且不存在该年龄组的全身视黄醇代谢模型。我们将利用同位素示踪分析和数学模型建立新生大鼠视黄醇代谢的动力学模型，并将结果与​​肺成熟的分子和功能指标相关联。这些研究的证据将有助于为美国婴儿饮食建议、国际 VA 补充剂政策以及新生儿肺病的临床治疗提供信息。