Preconception and Prenatal Stress: Pathways to Child Biology and Behavior

孕前和产前压力：儿童生物学和行为的途径

基本信息

批准号：
8440225
负责人：
CHRISTINE DUNKEL SCHETTER
金额：
$ 67.27万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-08-15 至 2018-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8440225
关键词：
3 year old Acute Address Adult Age Aging-Related Process Animals Area Behavior Behavioral Biological Biological Markers Biology Birth Cell Aging Chicago Child Child Development Child health care Childhood Chronic Chronic stress Circadian Rhythms Cognitive Community Health Networks Competence County Deltastab Development Disease District of Columbia Emotional Emotions Enrollment Environment Foundations Goals Grant Health Human Hydrocortisone Interview Knowledge Laboratories Language Delays Length Leukocytes Longevity Longitudinal Studies Low income Maternal and Child Health Measures Mediating Mediator of activation protein Mental Health Minority Modeling Mothers National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neurocognitive Outcome Parents Participant Pathway interactions Personal Satisfaction Physiological Population Predisposition Pregnancy Premature Birth Prevention Preventive Intervention Process Production Recruitment Activity Regulation Research Research Design Research Priority Risk Risk Factors Sampling Sampling Studies Site Stress Stress Tests System Temperament Testing United States National Institutes of Health Woman acute stress allostatic load biopsychosocial burden of illness cell age cognitive function cohort disorder risk effective intervention experience fetal programming health disparity improved indexing innovation interest maternal stress modifiable risk mortality next generation novel offspring physical conditioning postnatal prenatal prenatal stress prevent programs prospective psychosocial public health relevance response standardize measure stressor telomere

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite considerable evidence documenting the effects of prenatal maternal stress and emotions on birth and early child outcomes, the biological pathways by which maternal stress is transferred to children are not yet well understood. The proposed study will test a set of novel hypotheses about maternal stress and allostatic load (physiological dysregulation across multiple systems due to cumulative wear-and-tear associated with chronic and acute stress exposure) during the preconception and prenatal periods. The study focuses primarily on HPA axis regulatory mechanisms in a sample of 201 diverse mother-child pairs, particularly the prediction of child neurodevelopmental outcomes and stress regulation at ages 2 and 3 and cellular aging (indexed by telomere length) in both young children and their mothers. Our inclusion of the preconception period is innovative and yields a more comprehensive understanding of developmental origins (including fetal programming) of later health and developmental competence. One overall objective is to identify modifiable risk factors that can be targeted for early effective prevention of adverse health, neurocognitive, and behavioral outcomes throughout the lifespan. Participants will be recruited from an enrolled cohort of ethnically diverse, mostly low-income women in Washington, DC and Lake County, IL near Chicago as part of a large multi-site NIH collaborative study (Child Community Health Network Study; CCHN). The parent study includes extensive interview measures of maternal stress in preconception and pregnancy and maternal biomarkers that pose risk for disease in the next generation, creating a unique opportunity to examine prospective predictors of child outcomes. The specific aims are to examine effects of maternal stress and allostatic load, especially HPA regulation during preconception and in pregnancy on outcomes at ages 2 and 3. The outcomes are: (1) children's cortisol responses to acute laboratory stressors and circadian regulation of cortisol production; (2) children's fearful or anxious temperament measured by innovative observational laboratory testing; (3) children's neurocognitive functioning using standardized assessments; (4) children's leukocyte telomere length at age 2 and rates of shortening from ages 2 to 3. We will also examine leukocyte telomere length of mothers as a function of stress and test for mother-child associations. RELEVANCE: This study addresses an NICHD research priority in 2011 to identify developmental origins of susceptibility to later health, disease, and longevity. Results will provide the first evidence about plausible biological pathways prior to pregnancy that, in turn, program prenatal and postnatal development, taking into consideration many other known environmental and biological influences. The findings have the potential to yield new understanding about the pervasive, serious maternal and child health disparities that extend throughout the lifespan and disproportionately impact low income, minority populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：尽管有大量证据记录了产前产妇的压力和情绪对出生和早期儿童结局的影响，但尚未对孕产妇压力转移给儿童的生物学途径。拟议的研究将测试一组关于母体应激和同性载荷（由于与慢性和急性应激暴露相关的累积磨损和急性应激导致的累积磨损）的新型假设（在多个系统上的生理失调）。该研究主要集中于201种不同母子对样本中的HPA轴调节机制，尤其是对2岁和3岁儿童神经发育结局的预测和压力调节，以及幼儿及其母亲的细胞衰老（通过端粒长度索引）。我们包含了先入后的时期，这是创新的，对后来的健康和发展能力的发展起源（包括胎儿编程）产生了更全面的了解。一个总体目标是确定可修改的危险因素，这些风险因素可以针对早期预防不良健康，神经认知和整个生命周期的行为结果。作为一项大型多站点NIH合作研究的一部分（儿童社区健康网络研究； CCHN），将从伊利诺伊州华盛顿特区和伊利诺伊州湖附近的伊利诺伊州莱尔县的各种种族多样化的妇女（主要是低收入妇女）中招募参与者。父母的研究包括在孕前和怀孕中对孕产妇压力的广泛访谈措施，以及在下一代中构成疾病风险的孕产妇生物标志物，从而创造了一个独特的机会来检查儿童结果的前瞻性预测指标。具体的目的是检查孕妇压力和同层负荷的影响，尤其是在孕前和怀孕期间的HPA调节对2岁和3岁年龄段的结局。结果是：（1）儿童皮质醇对急性实验室压力源的反应以及对皮质醇产生的昼夜节律调节；（2）通过创新的观察实验室测试来衡量的儿童的恐惧或焦虑气质；（3）使用标准化评估的儿童神经认知功能；（4）2岁时的儿童白细胞端粒长度和2至3岁的缩短率。我们还将检查白细胞端粒的母亲长度，这是压力的函数和母子协会的测试。相关性：本研究涉及2011年NICHD研究的优先事项，以确定对后来健康，疾病和寿命的易感性的发育起源。结果将提供有关怀孕前合理生物学途径的第一个证据，进而考虑了许多其他已知的环境和生物学影响。这些发现有可能对整个生命周期的普遍，严重的产妇和儿童健康差异产生新的了解，并不成比例地影响低收入，少数群体。