4/5-Cognitive Neuroscience Task Reliability & Clinical Applications Consortium

4/5-认知神经科学任务可靠性

• 批准号: 8575234
• 负责人: James M. Gold
• 金额: $ 21.93万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-30 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8575234
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Address; Affective; Anhedonia; Behavior; Behavioral; Bipolar Disorder; Brain; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Cognition; Cognitive; Complement; Corpus striatum structure; Data; Data Collection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Dimensions; Disease; Dorsal; Emotional; Ensure; Feedback; Floor; Funding; Future; Goals; Gold; Impairment; Individual; Individual Differences; Learning; Length; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Maintenance; Measures; Mental disorders; Modification; Mood Disorders; Moods; National Institute of Mental Health; Negative Reinforcements; Neurobiology; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parietal; Participant; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Perception; Performance; Positive Reinforcements; Process; Psychological reinforcement; Psychometrics; Psychopathology; Psychotic Disorders; Psychotic Mood Disorders; Recruitment Activity; Recurrence; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Resources; Retrieval; Reversal Learning; Sampling; Schizoaffective Disorders; Schizophrenia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Short-Term Memory; Site; Strategic Planning; Stream; Support System; Symptoms; System; Task Performances; Testing; Time; Visual; Visual system structure; Work; base; clinical application; cognitive function; cognitive neuroscience; cognitive system; effective therapy; functional disability; functional outcomes; insight; interest; meetings; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; reward circuitry; reward processing; theories; therapy development; tool; working group

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Clinical neuroscience is on the verge of a revolution. Traditional conceptualizations of disorders based on phenomenology are increasingly recognized as limited, but we have lacked a clear path toward a more valid approach. The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative has identified one such pathway; the examination of components of behavior linked to known neural systems that form the basis of core dimensions of psychopathology. This competing renewal will provide new insights into the cognitive and emotional processes underlying core symptom dimensions in major mental illness and provide a new set of valid and reliable tools to facilitate the aims of RDoC and Objective 1.4 of the NIMH Strategic Plan: "Develop new ways of classifying disorders based on dimensions of observable behaviors and brain functions." This application will utilize the CNTRaC's infrastructure and expertise to optimize measures of WM capacity, positive and negative reinforcement learning (both implicit and explicit) and reversal learning, and then apply them together with previously validated measures. Specific Aim 1 is to validate (in individuals with schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder and bipolar disorder, as well as comparison participants) optimized versions of the paradigms that assess our six constructs of interest, as well as to examine the relationship of task performance to clinical and functional outcomes in psychosis. Specific Aim 2 will be to assess and optimize test-retest reliability and practice effects for the task versions validated in Specific Aim 1. Specific Aim 3 will be to use these optimized measures of working memory capacity and reinforcement learning, along with our previously optimized measures of WM goal maintenance, relational encoding and retrieval, and visual integration to examine the relationship between performance on these measures of core constructs and dimensions of psychopathology across diagnoses (including medicated and un-medicated individuals with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorders, as well as individuals with bipolar disorder). We hypothesize that impairments in the dorsal frontal- parietal and frontal-temporal systems supporting WM (capacity and goal maintenance) and relational encoding/retrieval contribute to disorganization symptoms and functional impairment and that these impairments and relationships cut across affective and non-affective disorder boundaries, forming a core dimension that helps explain the overlap in function and neurobiology across disorders. We also hypothesize that impairments in orbital frontal-striatal systems supporting reinforcement and reversal learning contribute to the negative symptoms of anhedonia/amotivation, which also cut across diagnostic boundaries. However, we hypothesize that anhedonia/amotivation may involve different aspects of reward processing and circuitry in primary mood versus non-mood disorders with our selection of measures motivated to test this hypothesis. We hypothesize that impaired visual integration, which is thought to reflect reduced horizontal and recurrent feedback, will be related to disorganized symptoms across disorders, but will not relate to mood pathology.

描述（由申请人提供）：临床神经科学处于革命的边缘。基于现象学的疾病的传统概念越来越被认为是有限的，但我们缺乏通往更有效方法的明确途径。研究领域标准（RDOC）倡议已经确定了这样的途径。研究与已知神经系统相关的行为组成部分的检查，这些神经系统构成了心理病理学核心维度的基础。这种竞争性更新将为重大精神疾病的核心症状维度的认知和情感过程提供新的见解，并提供一套新的有效和可靠的工具，以促进NIMH战略计划的RDOC和目标1.4的目标：“根据观察到的行为和大脑官能和大脑功能的新型分类疾病的方法。”该应用程序将利用CNTRAC的基础架构和专业知识来优化WM容量，正面和负面强化学习（内隐和显式）和逆转学习的度量，然后将它们与先前验证的措施一起应用。具体目的1是验证（在精神分裂症，精神分裂症和躁郁症的个体中，以及比较参与者）优化了评估我们感兴趣的六种构建机的范式的版本，并检查任务绩效与临床和精神病中临床功能的关系。特定目标2将是评估和优化特定目标验证的任务版本的测试 - 重测可靠性和实践效果。特定目标3将使用这些优化的工作记忆能力和增强学习的优化度量，以及我们先前优化的WM目标维护，关系性编码和检索的优化度量，以及在这些核心构建方面的性能（包括这些核心构造）之间的关系（构造的衡量），并将其置于核心构建方案之间，并构建（二动心）的关系（二动心）一体性（验证），探索一致的构造效果（二动心）一致性（验证）一致性（验证）一致性（二动心）一致性构建了一致性的一体性（验证）一体性（二动心）一致性构建了一致性的构造措施（二动心疗法）一体式的一体性。具有精神分裂症和精神分裂性疾病的人，以及双相情感障碍的个体）。我们假设背侧额叶和额叶临时系统的损害支持WM（能力和目标维持）以及关系编码/检索有助于混乱的症状和功能障碍，并且这些损害和关系构成了情感和非影响力的界限，从而使核心障碍界有帮助，从而有助于跨越核心，从而使越来越多地构成功能杂乱无章。我们还假设在支持加强和逆转学习的轨道额叶系统中的损害有助于Anhedonia/Animitation的负面症状，这也跨越了诊断界。但是，我们假设Anhedonia/Animitation可能涉及奖励处理和原发性情绪中的奖励处理和电路的不同方面，而不是我们选择了检验该假设的措施。我们假设视觉整合受损受损，这被认为反映了水平和复发反馈的减少，这将与跨疾病的混乱症状有关，但与情绪病理无关。