Effects of Traffic-Related Air Pollution on Cognitive Function, Dementia Risk, an

与交通相关的空气污染对认知功能、痴呆风险、认知功能的影响

• 批准号: 8126381
• 负责人: Joel Daniel Kaufman
• 金额: $ 7.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-10 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8126381
• 关键词: Address; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Alzheimer' s Disease; Alzheimer' s disease risk; Ancillary Study; Animals; Blood Vessels; Brain; Brain Diseases; Caliber; Carbon Black; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Censuses; Cephalic; Child; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communities; Coronary heart disease; Data; Databases; Dementia; Development; Digit structure; Disease; Elderly; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiologic Studies; Exposure to; Funding; Geographic Information Systems; Health; Human; Impaired cognition; Incidence; Individual; Infarction; Inflammation; Injury; Light; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Nerve Degeneration; Neurodegenerative Disorders; Neurologic; Neurological outcome; Nitrogen Dioxide; Outcome; Ozone; Participant; Particulate Matter; Pathology; Pathway interactions; Performance; Phenotype; Play; Population; Population Heterogeneity; Prevalence; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Stroke; Structure; Sulfur Dioxide; Testing; Time; Vascular Dementia; Vascular Diseases; Vehicle Emissions; White Matter Disease; Work; base; cardiovascular disorder risk; cognitive function; cohort; design; eligible participant; follow-up; high risk; interest; member; mental state; mortality; neurobehavioral; pollutant; population based; public health relevance; residence; response; trafficking; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Long-term exposure to air pollution, particularly traffic-related air pollution, is associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Less is known about the impact of these exposures on neurodegenerative disorders. Evidence suggests that systemic inflammation, a response to which the brain is particularly vulnerable, may mediate cardiovascular effects, suggesting that neurodegenerative disorders may also be subject to this environmental injury. Although other studies have shown associations between underlying vascular pathology and neurodegeneration, the effects of air pollution on the brain have been studied in a limited manner thus far. We propose to investigate associations between air pollution exposure, cognitive decline and risk of dementia, and MRI-detected brain abnormalities in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), a large, NHLBI-funded longitudinal study of coronary heart disease and stroke in older adults. This proposal takes advantage of the unique population-based phenotypic resource of brain MRI and cognitive assessment in CHS. In collaboration with an existing CHS ancillary study on air pollution and risk of cardiovascular disease, we will expand upon estimates of exposure to air pollutants produced by vehicle emissions to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and neurological outcomes. Outcomes will include cognitive performance, prevalent and incident dementia (both Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia), presence of MRI-detected brain abnormalities including brain infarcts and white matter disease, and changes in these measures over time. Drawing on investigator expertise in cognitive function and dementia, brain MRI findings, and the health effects of air pollution, the proposed project provides a unique opportunity to examine air pollution effects on the brain. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The prevalence of cognitive decline and dementia in the elderly is extremely high. Research suggests that environmental factors may play a role in the development of disease; however, little work has examined the potential contribution of air pollution, and particularly traffic-related air pollutants, to neurodegeneration. This study will combine investigator expertise in exposure modeling with a uniquely rich database of longitudinally measured neurological outcomes, to examine the effects of air pollution on the brain in a large, geographically diverse population of older adults. This research is highly significant in light of the pervasiveness of air pollution exposure, its demonstrated links to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and the recognized associations between underlying vascular disease and cognitive decline and dementia.

描述（由申请人提供）：长期暴露于空气污染，特别是与交通相关的空气污染，与心血管发病率和死亡率相关。人们对这些暴露对神经退行性疾病的影响知之甚少。有证据表明，全身炎症（大脑特别容易受到影响的一种反应）可能会介导心血管效应，这表明神经退行性疾病也可能受到这种环境损伤的影响。尽管其他研究表明潜在的血管病理学与神经退行性变之间存在关联，但迄今为止，人们对空气污染对大脑影响的研究还很有限。我们建议在心血管健康研究 (CHS) 中调查空气污染暴露、认知能力下降和痴呆风险以及 MRI 检测到的大脑异常之间的关联，CHS 是一项由 NHLBI 资助的针对老年人冠心病和中风的大型纵向研究。该提案利用了中枢性低通气综合症 (CHS) 脑 MRI 和认知评估的独特的基于人群的表型资源。与现有的 CHS 空气污染和心血管疾病风险辅助研究合作，我们将扩展对车辆排放产生的空气污染物暴露的估计，以评估空气污染和神经系统结果之间的关系。结果将包括认知表现、痴呆症的患病率和发病率（阿尔茨海默病和血管性痴呆）、MRI 检测到的大脑异常（包括脑梗塞和白质疾病）的存在，以及这些指标随时间的变化。该拟议项目利用了研究人员在认知功能和痴呆症、大脑 MRI 结果以及空气污染对健康影响方面的专业知识，为研究空气污染对大脑的影响提供了一个独特的机会。 公共卫生相关性：老年人认知能力下降和痴呆症的患病率极高。研究表明，环境因素可能在疾病的发展中发挥作用；然而，很少有人研究空气污染，特别是与交通相关的空气污染物对神经退行性疾病的潜在影响。这项研究将把研究人员在暴露模型方面的专业知识与纵向测量的神经系统结果的独特丰富的数据库结合起来，以研究空气污染对大量、不同地域的老年人群大脑的影响。鉴于空气污染暴露的普遍性、其与心血管发病率和死亡率的关联以及公认的潜在血管疾病与认知能力下降和痴呆之间的关联，这项研究具有非常重要的意义。