Studies of other risk factors for radiosensitive tumors

放射敏感性肿瘤其他危险因素的研究

• 批准号: 8763661
• 负责人: Amy Berrington
• 金额: $ 89.15万
• 依托单位: DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8763661
• 关键词: Asthma; Back; Cancer Patient; Child; Childhood; Chinese People; Chronic; Country; County; Data; Data Set; Disease; Effectiveness; Enrollment; Environmental Exposure; Epidemiologic Studies; Etiology; European; Evaluation; Family; Folic Acid; Gallbladder; Genetic; Hospitals; Incidence; Individual; Interview; Life Style; Link; Malignant Childhood Neoplasm; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of brain; Malignant neoplasm of thyroid; Mission; Mothers; Neural Tube Defects; Obesity; Pilot Projects; Play; Population; Prospective Studies; Province; Publications; Publishing; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Site; Testing; Thyroid Gland; Work; case control; cohort; community intervention; intervention program; leukemia; mortality; offspring; tumor; waist circumference

Thyroid cancer incidence rates have been increasing for the last 3 decades in the US and the reasons for this are largely unknown. We have been studying potential risk factors for the disease in a pooled analysis of 5 NCI prospective studies. This pooling project provided some of the strongest evidence to date that obesity may be a risk factor for thyroid cancer and the rising obesity rates could therefore be part of the explanation for the rise in thyroid cancer incidence rates. We are now expanding this pooling project to include data from 15 European and US cohorts to examine the relationship in more detail including the risk associated with central adiposity and the relationship between obesity and rarer thyroid cancer subtypes.NCI Cohort Consortium BMI Pooling Project - We built a rich dataset of lifestyle risk factor and mortality data from 20 prospective studies and over 1.5 million people to study the relationship between BMI and all cause mortality. The results from this detailed analysis published in 2010 suggested that optimal BMI was in the range 20-25. We are currently exploring the association between waist circumference and all cause mortality, and expanding the pooling project to look at cancer incidence for rare cancers including thyroid and gallbladder. These cancers are typically difficult to study in individual cohorts because the numbers of cases is limited.Childhood Cancer In Chinese Children and Family Cohorts -We are conducting two pilot studies to test the feasibility of (1) follow and participation in interviews of a sample of 500 families from two county sites where the Community Intervention Program (CIP) was carried out in the mid-1990s and (2) identification of incident pediatric cancers arising among thoseborn during 1994-96 in hospitals serving the CIP population and ability to link these pediatric cancer patients back to the CIP population. The CIP community intervention program trial, which was carried out during 1994-96 in three large counties northeast and south of Beijing, evaluated the effectiveness of periconceptional folic acid supplements in reducing neural tube defects. There were dramaticreductions in neural tube defects among offspring of mothers who took folic acid supplements during thepericonceptional period. Publications from case-control epidemiologic studies in the past 10 years from Western countries have shown that periconceptional folic acid supplements may reduce risks of pediatric leukemia and potentially other pediatric cancers in offspring of mothers who take these supplements. Otherstudies have shown statistical associations with periconception folic acid and other serious chronic diseasesof offspring including asthma. The pilot studies will attempt to trace, enroll, and interview 500 families fromTaicang, Jiangsu Province and Laoting, Hebei Province and will seek to identify all pediatric cancers diagnosedduring 1994 to the present among children born during 1994-96 and link these children back to the CIP cohort.

过去 3 年来，美国甲状腺癌的发病率一直在上升，其原因尚不清楚。 我们一直在对 5 项 NCI 前瞻性研究进行汇总分析，研究该疾病的潜在危险因素。 该汇集项目提供了迄今为止最有力的证据，表明肥胖可能是甲状腺癌的危险因素，因此肥胖率上升可能是甲状腺癌发病率上升的部分原因。 我们现在正在扩大这个汇集项目，以纳入来自 15 个欧洲和美国队列的数据，以更详细地研究这种关系，包括与中心性肥胖相关的风险以及肥胖与罕见甲状腺癌亚型之间的关系。NCI 队列联盟 BMI 汇集项目 - 我们建立了来自 20 项前瞻性研究和超过 150 万人的丰富生活方式风险因素和死亡率数据数据集，用于研究 BMI 与全因死亡率之间的关系。 2010 年发表的详细分析结果表明，最佳 BMI 范围为 20-25。 我们目前正在探索腰围与全因死亡率之间的关联，并扩大汇集项目以研究包括甲状腺和胆囊在内的罕见癌症的癌症发病率。 由于病例数量有限，这些癌症通常很难在单个队列中进行研究。 中国儿童和家庭队列中的儿童癌症 - 我们正在进行两项试点研究，以测试 (1) 跟踪和参与样本访谈的可行性来自 20 世纪 90 年代中期实施社区干预计划 (CIP) 的两个县的 500 个家庭，以及 (2) 识别 1994-96 年间出生在为该社区服务的医院中出生的儿童中发生的儿童癌症事件CIP 人群以及将这些儿科癌症患者与 CIP 人群联系起来的能力。 CIP社区干预计划试验于1994-96年间在北京东北部和南部的三个大县进行，评估了围孕期叶酸补充剂在减少神经管缺陷方面的有效性。 在围孕期服用叶酸补充剂的母亲，其后代的神经管缺陷显着减少。 西方国家过去10年的病例对照流行病学研究出版物表明，围孕叶酸补充剂可以降低服用这些补充剂的母亲的后代患小儿白血病和其他潜在小儿癌症的风险。其他研究表明，围孕期叶酸和后代其他严重慢性疾病（包括哮喘）之间存在统计关联。 试点研究将尝试追踪、招募和访谈来自江苏省太仓市和河北省乐亭市的 500 个家庭，并力图查明 1994 年至今在 1994-96 年出生的儿童中诊断出的所有儿童癌症，并将这些儿童与CIP 队列。