Application of multi-distance diffuse optical tomography to the study of human br

多距离漫射光学层析成像在人体结构研究中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
8523983
负责人：
Monica Fabiani
金额：
$ 42.46万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA-CHAMPAIGN
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-08-07 至 2015-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8523983
关键词：
Adult Age Anatomy Area Arteries Atrophic Base of the Brain Blood Blood Vessels Brain Brain Mapping Brain imaging Cerebrovascular Disorders Child Cognitive Cognitive aging Data Databases Dementia Development Devices Diagnosis Diffuse Diffusion Elderly Event Functional Imaging Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Grant Head Health Health Status Hemoglobin Human Image Imaging Techniques Imaging technology Individual Infant Label Light Link Location Maps Measurement Measures Methodology Methods Neurologic Neurons Newborn Infant Noise Optics Pathology Physiological Physiology Population Property Psychopathology Relative (related person)Research Sampling Signal Transduction Source Stimulus Structure Study Section Surface Techniques Technology Testing Time Tissue Sample Tissues Validity and Reliability Variant Vascularization Work absorption age group age related aging brain arterial stiffness base brain tissue cerebral atrophy clinical application density detector diffuse optical tomography hemodynamics imaging modality in vivo indexing new technology novel strategies optical imaging reconstruction relating to nervous system response tool venous sinus young adult

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project explores advancements in a method for imaging the function of the human brain, based on the measurements of changes in how near-infrared light diffuses through the brain (Diffuse Optical Tomography, DOT). This method is particularly useful to investigate the time course of rapid brain phenomena, such as neural activity, and the functional hemodynamic responses that follow neuronal activity in response to stimuli delivered during cognitive tasks. DOT can be applied to populations (such as small children or people who are claustrophobic or bearing metallic devices), who cannot be easily studied using other brain imaging technologies. It can also be concurrently used with standard methods such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) providing an important bridge for the understanding of the physiology underlying these methods. Importantly, DOT signals can potentially be useful in a large number of research and clinical applications, including the study of normal and abnormal brain activity in psychopathology, cognitive aging and dementia, development, and as a result of vascular brain problems, as well as for the study and diagnosis of cerebrovascular diseases from newborns to the elderly. A current limitation of this technique is that, in its current form, it only measures changes from a baseline level. In order to relate the functional data to particular brain structure, users have to rely on head-surface features or independently-collected structural MR-recordings. Here we explore the application of a methodology, called "multi- distance" approach, to generate absolute measurements of diffusion parameters over the entire cortical surface. These measurements can be used to reveal anatomical structures rich in hemoglobin (such as the venous sinuses), which can serve as useful anatomical landmarks for coregistration. Importantly, this structural information can be collected while recording the functional DOT data. The proposal will explore how reliable this information is, and how it can be used to precisely co-register the functional measures to anatomical brain structures. The proposed research will also explore how the transparency of the brain to near-infrared light changes with age. Preliminary data suggest strong age-related variations, with older adults showing significantly more brain transparency than younger adults. This difference may reflect changes in brain vascularization and/or cortical atrophy. The proposed research will explore the relevance of these factors, which may render this approach a useful tool for studying the health status of the cortex in a non-invasive manner. The absolute measurements of the light diffusion parameters also allows for a more quantitative study of functional DOT effects due to the activation of specific brain areas during cognitive tasks, and how they vary in different populations, as a function of age (and in principle, development and pathology). The proposed research will compare different methods for obtaining these functional images in term of their reliability, validity and signal-to-noise ratio.

描述（由申请人提供）：根据测量近红外光线通过大脑扩散的变化（弥散光学层析成像，DOT），该项目探讨了成像人脑功能的方法的进步。该方法对于研究快速脑现象的时间过程，例如神经活动，以及遵循神经元活动的功能性血流动力反应特别有用。 DOT可以应用于种群（例如小孩或幽闭恐惧症或轴承金属设备的人），他们无法使用其他脑成像技术轻松研究。它也可以与标准方法同时使用，例如功能磁共振成像（fMRI）和事件相关的大脑电位（ERP），这为理解这些方法的生理学提供了重要的桥梁。重要的是，点信号可能在大量的研究和临床应用中有用，包括研究正常和异常的脑活动心理病理学，认知衰老和痴呆，发育以及血管脑问题以及从新生儿到老年人的脑血管疾病的研究和诊断。目前对该技术的局限性是，以目前的形式，它仅测量从基线水平变化。为了将功能数据与特定的大脑结构相关联，用户必须依靠头表面特征或独立收集的结构MR录制。在这里，我们探讨了一种称为“多距离”方法的方法的应用，以生成在整个皮质表面上扩散参数的绝对测量。这些测量值可用于揭示富含血红蛋白的解剖结构（例如静脉鼻窦），该结构可以用作有用的解剖学地标，可用于核心。重要的是，可以在记录功能点数据时收集这些结构信息。该提案将探讨该信息的可靠性，以及如何将其用于精确地共同批准解剖学大脑结构的功能度量。拟议的研究还将探讨大脑对近红外光的透明度如何随着年龄的增长而变化。初步数据表明与年龄相关的差异很强，老年人的脑透明度明显高于年轻人。这种差异可能反映了脑血管化和/或皮质萎缩的变化。拟议的研究将探讨这些因素的相关性，这可能使这种方法成为以非侵入性方式研究皮质健康状况的有用工具。光扩散参数的绝对测量还允许对由于认知任务期间特定大脑区域的激活以及它们在不同人群中的变化，作为年龄的函数（以及原理，发育和病理学），对功能点效应进行了更定量的研究。拟议的研究将比较以其可靠性，有效性和信噪比的术语获得这些功能图像的不同方法。