The Role of Emotion and Cognition in Health-Related Decisions Across Adulthood

情绪和认知在成年期健康相关决策中的作用

• 批准号: 8106293
• 负责人: Tammy English
• 金额: $ 5.3万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8106293
• 关键词: Adult; Advance Directives; Affective; African; Age; American; Area; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Cessation of life; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Decision Making; Elderly; Emotional; Emotions; European; Experimental Designs; Goals; Health; Impaired cognition; Individual; Knowledge; Life; Light; Longevity; Measures; Motivation; Outcome; Play; Process; Research; Role; Sampling; Short-Term Memory; Testing; Thinking; Work; age difference; age related; base; design; diaries; improved; information processing; knowledge base; motivational processes; research study; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Older adults in the U.S. often are faced with complex and stressful health-related decisions that can have profound consequences on their health and longevity. Some of these decisions concern life and death issues. More often decisions reflect everyday choices that come to have cumulative and enduring effects on health. The overall objective of the proposed project is to illuminate the ways that older people make health- related decisions and, more importantly, shed light on ways to improve the quality of the choices they make. It is possible that drawing upon preserved emotional processes during decision-making could somewhat offset age-related weaknesses in cognitive processing. The specific aims of the proposed studies are to (1) to better understand the impact of emotion, cognition, and motivation on health-related decisions in the context of everyday life, (2) to test whether previously documented age differences in decision-making extend to health- related decisions in relatively unhealthy adults. Study 1 will employ a daily diary design to examine how emotion-related goals impact health-related decisions in the context of daily life. Study 2 will employ an experimental design to examine the decisions of relatively unhealthy older adults. Ultimately, the proposed research may help older adults make more informed decisions with desirable outcomes, guide thinking about advanced directives, and have implications for promoting healthy behavioral choices in day-to-day life.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国老年人经常面临复杂且压力重重的健康相关决策，这些决策可能对其健康和寿命产生深远影响。其中一些决定涉及生死问题。更多时候，决策反映的是日常选择，这些选择会对健康产生累积和持久的影响。拟议项目的总体目标是阐明老年人做出健康相关决策的方式，更重要的是，阐明提高他们所做选择质量的方法。在决策过程中利用保留下来的情感过程可能会在一定程度上抵消认知处理中与年龄相关的弱点。拟议研究的具体目的是（1）更好地了解情绪、认知和动机对日常生活中健康相关决策的影响，（2）测试先前记录的决策中的年龄差异是否存在扩展到相对不健康的成年人的健康相关决策。研究 1 将采用每日日记设计来研究情绪相关目标如何影响日常生活中的健康相关决策。研究 2 将采用实验设计来检验相对不健康的老年人的决定。最终，拟议的研究可能会帮助老年人做出更明智的决定，获得理想的结果，指导对高级指令的思考，并对促进日常生活中的健康行为选择产生影响。