Substance use in foster care youth: Relations among maltreatment, use, and coping

寄养青少年中的药物使用：虐待、使用和应对之间的关​​系

• 批准号: 8529193
• 负责人: Joy Gabrielli
• 金额: $ 3.6万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-08-05 至 2014-08-04
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8529193
• 关键词: 8 year old; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Age of Onset; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Caring; Characteristics; Child; Child Abuse and Neglect; Childhood; Complex; Coping Behavior; County; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Dependence; Diagnosis; Emotional; Enrollment; Ensure; Equation; Event; Exclusion; Exposure to; Factor Analysis; Failure; Fostering; Funding; Gender; General Population; Home environment; Investigation; Knowledge; Life; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Modeling; Morbidity - disease rate; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Population; Preventive Intervention; Problem behavior; Property; Psychometrics; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Review Literature; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Severities; Social support; Structural Models; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Youth; adolescent substance use; child neglect; coping; experience; foster care; high risk; improved; indexing; interest; kohl; maltreatment; mortality; neglect; patient home care; peer; psychological neglect; resilience

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Youth substance use and abuse in the U.S. is a critical public health issue and a risk factor for morbidity and mortality in adolescents. Examination of risk for substance use has identified that maltreatment in childhood is a relevant factor; research has indicated that youth exposed to maltreatment are more likely than their non- maltreated peers to have substance use problems. In some cases, children are removed from their homes due to maltreatment or neglect, and recent research revealed higher rates of substance use disorders in youth residing in out-of-home placements when compared to peers in the general population. Although the relation between maltreatment in childhood and subsequent substance use is recognized, pathways related to risk and protection for substance use behavior and other negative outcomes following maltreatment have yet to be fully delineated. One important factor, coping behavior, has been implicated in the relation between adverse life events and subsequent behavioral and emotional outcomes. The association between substance use and coping remains unclear; many have hypothesized that substance use may actually be an indicator of maladaptive coping. Further, significant methodological weaknesses exist in the literature investigating the link between maltreatment and substance use in youth including overuse of retrospective reports by adults about childhood maltreatment and substance use, failure of researchers to investigate the psychometric properties of their measures of substance use or maltreatment, exclusion of relevant covariates, failure to include diverse types of abuse such as neglect and psychological maltreatment, and use of small samples. Previous reviews of the literature have highlighted the need for attention to these methodological issues and more research conducted with youth enrolled in out-of-home care. To address this gap, this study will provide a comprehensive investigation into the role of maltreatment as a predictor of substance use and coping behaviors in a sample of youth in foster care. To achieve this, the proposed study will utilize a structural equation modeling framework to assess competing models of moderation: 1) a model with maltreatment predicting substance use with coping behaviors as a moderator and 2) a model with maltreatment predicting coping strategies with substance use as a moderator. Preliminary analyses will examine the measurement model of the substance use measure, as well as potential covariates of substance use in the foster sample such as child and placement characteristics. Model testing will assess overall fit of each moderation model, then Participants will be drawn from a larger, longitudinal study funded by NIH entitled "Studying Pathways to Adjustment and Resilience in Kids" (SPARK) and will include 150 children and adolescents aged 8 years and older who are enrolled in Jackson County foster care. Improved scientific knowledge of the complex interactions of these factors from this study will provide a more comprehensive model for investigating associations between child maltreatment, coping behaviors, and substance use in foster care youth.

描述（由申请人提供）：美国青少年药物使用和滥用是一个重要的公共卫生问题，也是青少年发病和死亡的风险因素。对物质使用风险的检查发现，儿童时期的虐待是一个相关因素；研究表明，遭受虐待的青少年比未受虐待的同龄人更有可能出现药物滥用问题。在某些情况下，儿童因虐待或忽视而被带离家中，最近的研究显示，与普通人群中的同龄人相比，居住在户外安置的青少年物质使用障碍的发生率更高。尽管儿童时期的虐待与随后的物质使用之间的关系已得到认可，但与物质使用行为的风险和保护以及虐待后的其他负面结果相关的途径尚未完全阐明。应对行为这一重要因素与不良生活事件与随后的行为和情绪结果之间的关系有关。物质使用和应对措施之间的关联仍不清楚；许多人假设物质使用实际上可能是适应不良应对的一个指标。此外，调查青少年虐待和药物滥用之间联系的文献中存在显着的方法学缺陷，包括过度使用成年人关于儿童虐待和药物使用的回顾性报告，研究人员未能调查其药物使用或虐待措施的心理测量特性，排除相关协变量，未能包括各种类型的虐待，例如忽视和心理虐待，以及使用小样本。之前的文献综述强调需要关注这些方法问题，并对参加户外护理的青少年进行更多研究。为了解决这一差距，本研究将全面调查虐待作为寄养青少年样本中药物使用和应对行为的预测因素的作用。为了实现这一目标，拟议的研究将利用结构方程建模框架来评估相互竞争的适度模型：1）以虐待行为预测物质使用的模型，以应对行为作为调节者；2）以虐待预测应对策略的模型，以物质使用为调节者主持人。初步分析将检查物质使用测量的测量模型，以及寄养样本中物质使用的潜在协变量，例如儿童和安置特征。模型测试将评估每个调节模型的整体适合度，然后参与者将从 NIH 资助的一项名为“儿童调整和复原力研究途径”(SPARK) 的大型纵向研究中抽取，该研究将包括 150 名 8 岁及以上的儿童和青少年。参加杰克逊县寄养机构的老年人。这项研究提高了对这些因素复杂相互作用的科学认识，将为调查寄养青少年中儿童虐待、应对行为和药物使用之间的关联提供更全面的模型。

项目成果

Associations Between Physical and Relational Forms of Peer Aggression and Victimization and Risk for Substance Use Among Elementary School-Age Youth.

• DOI: 10.1080/1067828x.2013.872589
• 发表时间: 2016-01-01
• 期刊: Journal of child & adolescent substance abuse
• 影响因子: 0.6
• 作者: Fite PJ;Gabrielli J;Cooley JL;Rubens SL;Pederson CA;Vernberg EM
• 通讯作者: Vernberg EM

Hope as a Moderator of the Associations between Common Risk Factors and Frequency of Substance Use among Latino Adolescents.

• DOI: 10.1007/s10862-014-9426-1
• 发表时间: 2014-12-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Fite, Paula J.;Gabrielli, Joy;Cooley, John L.;Haas, Sarah M.;Frazer, Andrew;Rubens, Sonia L.;Johnson-Motoyama, Michelle
• 通讯作者: Johnson-Motoyama, Michelle