Project 2: The Role of Risk and Benefit Perceptions in Tobacco Control p194-230

项目 2：风险和利益认知在烟草控制中的作用 p194-230

• 批准号: 8592263
• 负责人: Bonnie L Halpern-Felsher
• 金额: $ 31.03万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-19 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8592263
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Advertising; Age; Behavior; Benefits and Risks; Cessation of life; Cigar; Cigarette; Data Collection; Exposure to; Image; Instruction; Internet; Label; Longitudinal Studies; Marketing; Measures; Modeling; Pattern; Perception; Regulation; Relapse; Research; Role; Sampling; Science; Shapes; Smokeless Tobacco; Smoking; Testing; Tobacco; Tobacco use; addiction; base; cohort; contextual factors; design; disorder risk; high school; improved; novel; prospective; risk perception; snus; tobacco advertising; tobacco control; tool; young adult

Tobacco companies have developed and implemented advertising and marketing efforts to reduce perceptions of harm associated with tobacco use, increase perceptions that tobacco is socially acceptable, and encourage and sustain use of tobacco. Many marketing strategies have particulariy focused on adolescents and young adults. There are gaps in the science concerning 1) how perceptions influence tobacco use among adolescents and young adults, including changes in patterns of tobacco use from initiation to regular use, cessation, relapse, product switching, or dual use; 2) the role of pro- and anti- tobacco messages on perceptions of new tobacco products such as e-cigarettes, cigarillos, smokeless tobacco, snus, dissolvables, compressed tobacco, and emerging products that come on the market during the course ofthis research; and 3) the specific mechanisms by which marketing messages change tobacco- related perceptions, perceived acceptability ofthe product, and tobacco use behaviors. Prospective, longitudinal studies using frequent assessments and comprehensive measures of tobacco use, perceptions and marketing are needed to provide specific scientific evidence about how marketing shapes decisions to use and stop using different tobacco products. This information will inform FDA regulation ofthe marketing and promotion of conventional, new, and emerging tobacco products. This study will fill gaps in the science base by developing and testing a comprehensive model concerning the relationships among pro- and anti- tobacco marketing messages, perceptions of tobacco risks and benefits, perceived product acceptability, and patterns of tobacco use among adolescents and young adults. We will address these gaps and develop and test our model by using a longitudinal cohort design with a sample of 1,000 ninth graders followed through high school and another sample of 1,000 twelfth graders followed into young adulthood to 1) determine adolescents' and young adults' perceptions of risk for disease, addiction, and death; acceptability; and benefits of using conventional, new, and emerging tobacco products that come on the market during the course ofthis research; 2) determine the predictive relationships among perceptions of tobacco-related risks, benefits, and acceptability of tobacco products, and the onset, continuation, cessation, relapse, switching, and dual use of tobacco products; and 3) identify contextual factors (exposure to pro-tobacco media, anti- tobacco media, warning labels, and smoking images in the media and on the Internet) that influence perceptions of risks, benefits, acceptability, and subsequent tobacco use. RELEVANCE (See instructions^; The proposed project will make novel and important contributions to our understanding of how tobacco marketing impacts risk perceptions and ultimately tobacco use among adolescents and young adults. There are currently no prospective, longitudinal studies using theoretically informed data collection tools that can identify predictive relationships among perceptions, pro-tobacco marketing, anti-tobacco messages, warning labels, and patterns of adolescents' and young adults' tobacco use. The proposed study will explore smoking patterns and predictors in a critical but understudied age cohort: young adults. .

烟草公司已经开发并实施了广告和营销工作以减少 对烟草使用相关的伤害的看法，增加对烟草在社会上可以接受的看法， 并鼓励和维持使用烟草。许多营销策略特别关注 青少年和年轻人。科学上有关于1）感知如何影响的差距 青少年和年轻人中使用烟草，包括从 定期使用，戒烟，复发，产品切换或双重使用； 2）亲和反 - 的作用 有关新烟草产品的感知，例如电子烟，雪茄，无烟的消息 烟草，鼻烟，溶解体，压缩烟草和新兴产品在市场上推出 这项研究的过程； 3）营销信息改变烟草的特定机制 相关的看法，产品的可接受性以及烟草使用行为。预期， 纵向研究使用频繁评估和烟草使用的全面衡量 需要营销来提供有关营销如何塑造决策的特定科学证据 使用并停止使用不同的烟草产品。此信息将为FDA的营销规定提供信息 以及促进常规，新和新兴的烟草产品。这项研究将填补科学的空白 通过开发和测试有关亲和性关系的全面模型的基础 烟草营销信息，对烟草风险和收益的看法，可接受的产品可接受性， 以及青少年和年轻人中使用烟草的模式。我们将解决这些差距并发展 并通过使用纵向队列设计测试我们的模型 通过高中和另一个1,000名十二年级的样本，直到成年为1） 确定青少年对疾病，成瘾和死亡风险的看法；可接受性； 以及使用传统，新和新兴的烟草产品的好处 这项研究课程； 2）确定与烟草相关风险的看法之间的预测关系， 烟草产品的好处和可接受性，以及发作，延续，停止，复发，切换， 和双重使用烟草产品； 3）确定上下文因素（暴露于亲探针媒体，抗 影响影响的烟草媒体，警告标签和吸烟图像在媒体和互联网上） 对风险，福利，可接受性和随后的烟草使用的看法。 相关性（请参阅说明^; 拟议的项目将对我们对烟草的理解做出新颖而重要的贡献 营销会影响青少年和年轻人最终的风险感知和最终使用烟草。那里 目前没有使用理论知情的数据收集工具的前瞻性，纵向研究 确定感知，亲探望营销，反烟草消息之间的预测关系，警告 标签和青少年的年轻人和年轻人的烟草使用。拟议的研究将探索吸烟 在关键但研究的年龄队列中的模式和预测因子：年轻人。 。