Genes, Behavior, Psychosocial Links of Child Maltreatment to Health, Disease

儿童虐待与健康、疾病的基因、行为、心理社会联系

基本信息

批准号：
8338888
负责人：
Linda M Brzustowicz
金额：
$ 42.9万
依托单位：
JOHN JAY COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-09-30 至 2014-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8338888
关键词：
ADRA2A gene Acute Adolescent Adult Affect Age Alcohol abuse Alcohol or Other Drugs use Alcoholism Anthropology Anxiety Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Genetics Biological Blood Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Buffers Candidate Disease Gene Child Child Abuse Child Abuse and Neglect Childhood Chronic Cognitive Collaborations Criminology Data Decision Making Development Discipline Disease Drug abuse Elderly Emotional Environment Environmental Risk Factor Enzymes Ethnic Origin Exhibits Family Family Study Funding Genes Genetic Genetic Markers Genetic Variation Genotype Goals Health Health Psychology Health behavior Healthcare Home environment Impulsivity Intervention Interview Lead Life Life Style Link Literature Longitudinal Studies Measures Medicine Mental Depression Mental Health Modeling Monoamine Oxidase A Neurotransmitters Outcome Pathway interactions Pediatrics Performance Persons Physical Function Physiological Processes Play Prevention Prevention education Preventive Intervention Process Psychiatry Psychologist Psychosocial Stress Public Health Race Reporting Research Research Personnel Risk Role Saliva Sampling Self-control as a personality trait Sexual abuse Social Class Societies Source Stress Suicide Testing Time United States Victimization Violence abuse neglect allostatic load anti social base child neglect child protective service cohort comparison group cost criminal behavior design experience follow-up genetic analysis genetic variant high risk innovation interest maltreated children maltreatment neglect physical abuse physical conditioning prospective psychologic psychosocial response sex social statistics stressor therapy design

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One childhood stressor - child maltreatment - represents a serious public health concern. In 2007, over 3 million children were referred to child protection service agencies for suspected maltreatment in the United States and about 794,000 were determined by state and local child protective service agencies to be victims of maltreatment (DHHS, 2009). Increasing evidence shows that childhood physical and sexual abuse and (more recently) neglect have extensive short- and long-term consequences across multiple domains, including psychiatric, social, emotional, behavioral, academic, and physical functioning, and developmental time points. The associated costs to society have been estimated at billions of dollars annually. At the same time, the negative sequelae of childhood victimization are not inevitable. While explanations for these different outcomes remain unknown, research has begun to examine factors that might buffer or protect maltreated children from negative consequences. Recent research has reported significant interactions between childhood maltreatment and genetic variation in predicting psychological and behavioral outcomes, including violence and antisocial behavior, depression, anxiety, suicidality, alcoholism, and substance use. The overarching goal of the proposed research is to test three competing models of the processes whereby child abuse and neglect lead to mental and physical health consequences in adulthood. The research proposed here represents a continuation of a longitudinal study begun in 1986 with a large group of documented cases of childhood physical and sexual abuse and neglect (ages 0-11) and a comparison group of non-abused and non-neglected children who were matched on the basis of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and approximate family social class and followed up into adulthood with four interviews. We propose to use blood and saliva samples that have already been collected as part of previous waves of the study. Our goal is to identify, genotype, and analyze genetic variants and to determine whether they play a role in the long-term physical and mental health consequences of child abuse and neglect. The proposed research will lead to increased understanding of the multiple pathways through which stressful childhood experiences (such as child neglect and abuse) lead to the development of different mental and physical health outcomes and is in keeping with President Obama's emphasis on health care education and the prevention of negative health outcomes. Determining the interplay between genetic and environmental factors that increase risk for negative physical and mental health outcomes or promote resiliency among abused and neglected children has implications for treatment and prevention efforts for these children. By determining whether a particular environment (such as an abusive or neglectful home) is particularly problematic for children with certain genes, we hope that the proposed research will provide directions for focused interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：童年压力源之一——虐待儿童——代表了严重的公共卫生问题。 2007 年，美国有超过 300 万儿童因涉嫌虐待而被转介至儿童保护服务机构，约 794,000 名儿童被州和地方儿童保护服务机构确定为虐待受害者（DHHS，2009）。越来越多的证据表明，儿童时期的身体虐待和性虐待以及（最近的）忽视在多个领域产生广泛的短期和长期后果，包括精神、社会、情感、行为、学业和身体功能以及发育时间点。据估计，每年给社会造成的相关成本达数十亿美元。与此同时，童年受害的负面后遗症并非不可避免。虽然对这些不同结果的解释仍然未知，但研究已经开始研究可能缓冲或保护受虐待儿童免受负面后果影响的因素。最近的研究报告称，儿童虐待与遗传变异在预测心理和行为结果方面存在显着的相互作用，包括暴力和反社会行为、抑郁、焦虑、自杀、酗酒和药物滥用。拟议研究的总体目标是测试虐待和忽视儿童导致成年后身心健康后果的三种相互竞争的模型。这里提出的研究是 1986 年开始的一项纵向研究的延续，该研究涉及大量有记录的儿童身体和性虐待和忽视（0-11 岁）的案例，以及一组未受虐待和未被忽视的儿童根据年龄、性别、种族/民族和大致的家庭社会阶层进行匹配，并通过四次访谈跟踪成年期。我们建议使用作为前几波研究的一部分已经收集的血液和唾液样本。我们的目标是识别、基因分型和分析遗传变异，并确定它们是否在虐待和忽视儿童的长期身心健康后果中发挥作用。拟议的研究将加深人们对童年压力经历（例如儿童忽视和虐待）导致不同心理和身体健康结果发展的多种途径的了解，并且符合奥巴马总统对医疗保健教育和儿童教育的重视。预防负面健康结果。确定遗传和环境因素之间的相互作用，这些因素会增加不良身心健康结果的风险或促进受虐待和被忽视儿童的复原力，这对这些儿童的治疗和预防工作具有重要意义。通过确定特定环境（例如虐待或疏忽的家庭）是否对具有某些基因的儿童造成特别问题，我们希望拟议的研究将为有针对性的干预措施提供方向。