MIRROR NEURON SYSTEM AND ACTION OBSERVATION AFTER MOTOR STROKE

镜像神经元系统和运动后的动作观察

基本信息

批准号：
8291271
负责人：
Lisa Sarah Aziz-Zadeh
金额：
$ 8.1万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-07-01 至 2014-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8291271
关键词：
Address Affect Animal Model Anterior Applied Research Area Attention Basic Science Bilateral Brain Brain Injuries Brain imaging Brain region Cognitive Complement Distributed Systems Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Human Impairment Inferior Inferior frontal gyrus Intervention Lesion Limb structure Lobule Location Maps Measures Medial Mediating Methods Motor Movement Parietal Participant Patients Pattern Perception Physical therapy Prefrontal Cortex Process Property Protocols documentation Recovery Rehabilitation therapy Research Role Stroke System Testing Theoretical model Tissues Training Translating Upper Extremity base cingulate cortex clinical application cognitive function evidence based guidelines imaging modality method development mirror neuron system motor deficit motor impairment programs relating to nervous system repaired response simulation social cognition stroke recovery stroke rehabilitation

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The putative human mirror neuron system (MNS) is defined as motor brain regions that respond both when we perform an action, and when we observe similar actions being performed by others. Thus, the motor system may be engaged without overt movement. Rehabilitation of motor function after stroke is often challenging due to poor to absent voluntary movement ability. Methods in stroke rehabilitation that engage the MNS, for example, action observation, may help to rebuild motor function despite impairments by using covert practice as an alternative or complement to voluntary practice during physical therapy. The first component of the proposed study will identify the MNS in participants with stroke and damage to the primary motor or premotor cortex by measuring brain activity during action observation and execution in fMRI. The PIs aim to better understand how stroke and motor deficits affect the MNS, and to assess for common patterns of adaptive functional reorganization of the MNS after stroke. The second component of the proposed study will compare the whole brain response between observation of actions that use the counterpart to the paretic and the non-paretic limb. In the healthy brain, action observation is processed primarily by the MNS to support action understanding and imitation. After stroke, some observed actions may be difficult or impossible for the observer to perform due to motor impairments, and thus may engage a more deliberative processing supported by other multimodal cognitive brain regions commonly referred to as the "mentalizing system." The PIs aim to test the hypotheses that (1) observing actions that use the counterpart to the non-paretic limb engages the MNS; whereas (2) observing actions that use the counterpart to the paretic limb engages the MNS plus the mentalizing system. The PIs aim to better understand the cooperative roles of the MNS and the mentalizing system for imitation and social cognition after stroke. The overall aim of this research program is to inform the development of methods that engage the MNS to promote recovery from stroke, and to identify which patients might benefit most from therapy involving action observation.

描述（由申请人提供）：推定的人镜神经系统（MN）定义为运动大脑区域，当我们执行动作时，以及我们观察他人执行的类似动作时。因此，可以在没有明显运动的情况下参与电机系统。由于缺乏自愿运动能力，中风后的运动功能的康复通常是具有挑战性的。例如，通过使用秘密练习作为替代或补充物理治疗期间自愿实践的替代或补充，中风康复中的方法可以使MNS参与其中的MNS，可能有助于重建运动功能。拟议的研究的第一个组成部分将通过在fMRI中的动作观察和执行过程中测量大脑活动，以识别具有中风的参与者的MN和对主要电动机或前皮层损害的MN。 PI旨在更好地了解中风和运动缺陷如何影响MN，并评估中风后MNS的自适应功能重组的常见模式。拟议的研究的第二个组成部分将比较对使用对应物与偏头和非幼虫的观察的整个大脑响应。在健康的大脑中，主要由MN处理动作观察以支持动作理解和模仿。中风后，观察者由于运动障碍而难以执行一些观察到的动作，因此可能会参与其他通常称为“心理化系统”的多模式认知大脑区域支持的更加审议的处理。 PI旨在检验（1）观察使用对应的非肢体肢体与MN相关的作用的假设；而（2）观察使用对手的行动的动作使MNS和心理系统都与MNS相关。 PI旨在更好地了解MNS的合作作用以及中风后模仿和社会认知的心理系统。该研究计划的总体目的是告知与MN促进中风康复的方法的开发，并确定哪些患者可能从涉及行动观察的治疗中受益最多。