MIRROR NEURON SYSTEM AND ACTION OBSERVATION AFTER MOTOR STROKE

镜像神经元系统和运动中风后的动作观察

基本信息

批准号：
8191487
负责人：
Lisa Sarah Aziz-Zadeh
金额：
$ 8.1万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-07-01 至 2013-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8191487
关键词：
Address Affect Animal Model Anterior Applied Research Area Attention Basic Science Bilateral Brain Brain Injuries Brain imaging Brain region Cognitive Complement Distributed Systems Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Human Impairment Inferior Inferior frontal gyrus Intervention Lesion Limb structure Lobule Location Maps Measures Medial Mediating Methods Motor Movement Parietal Participant Patients Pattern Perception Physical therapy Prefrontal Cortex Process Property Protocols documentation Recovery Rehabilitation therapy Research Role Stroke System Testing Theoretical model Tissues Training Translating Upper Extremity base cingulate cortex clinical application cognitive function evidence based guidelines imaging modality method development mirror neuron system motor deficit motor impairment programs relating to nervous system repaired response simulation social cognition stroke recovery stroke rehabilitation

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The putative human mirror neuron system (MNS) is defined as motor brain regions that respond both when we perform an action, and when we observe similar actions being performed by others. Thus, the motor system may be engaged without overt movement. Rehabilitation of motor function after stroke is often challenging due to poor to absent voluntary movement ability. Methods in stroke rehabilitation that engage the MNS, for example, action observation, may help to rebuild motor function despite impairments by using covert practice as an alternative or complement to voluntary practice during physical therapy. The first component of the proposed study will identify the MNS in participants with stroke and damage to the primary motor or premotor cortex by measuring brain activity during action observation and execution in fMRI. The PIs aim to better understand how stroke and motor deficits affect the MNS, and to assess for common patterns of adaptive functional reorganization of the MNS after stroke. The second component of the proposed study will compare the whole brain response between observation of actions that use the counterpart to the paretic and the non-paretic limb. In the healthy brain, action observation is processed primarily by the MNS to support action understanding and imitation. After stroke, some observed actions may be difficult or impossible for the observer to perform due to motor impairments, and thus may engage a more deliberative processing supported by other multimodal cognitive brain regions commonly referred to as the "mentalizing system." The PIs aim to test the hypotheses that (1) observing actions that use the counterpart to the non-paretic limb engages the MNS; whereas (2) observing actions that use the counterpart to the paretic limb engages the MNS plus the mentalizing system. The PIs aim to better understand the cooperative roles of the MNS and the mentalizing system for imitation and social cognition after stroke. The overall aim of this research program is to inform the development of methods that engage the MNS to promote recovery from stroke, and to identify which patients might benefit most from therapy involving action observation. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The mirror neuron system (MNS) - motor brain regions that respond when we perform an action and when we observe similar actions being performed by others - may be engaged to promote motor recovery after stroke in patients with limited voluntary movement ability. By studying how the brain perceives actions after stroke, we will better understand how to use methods that engage the MNS for stroke rehabilitation, for example, action observation. By asking how the brain perceives actions that use the counterpart to the paretic limb, we will better understand the role of the MNS and the mentalizing system for action perception, imitation, and social cognition.

描述（由申请人提供）：假定的人类镜像神经元系统（MNS）被定义为运动脑区域，当我们执行某个动作时以及当我们观察其他人执行类似的动作时，该区域都会做出反应。因此，马达系统可以在没有明显移动的情况下接合。由于随意运动能力差甚至缺失，中风后运动功能的康复通常具有挑战性。中风康复中涉及 MNS 的方法（例如动作观察）可能有助于重建运动功能，尽管存在损伤，但通过使用秘密练习作为物理治疗期间自愿练习的替代或补充。拟议研究的第一个组成部分将通过在功能磁共振成像中测量动作观察和执行过程中的大脑活动来识别中风和初级运动或前运动皮层损伤的参与者的 MNS。 PI 旨在更好地了解中风和运动缺陷如何影响 MNS，并评估中风后 MNS 适应性功能重组的常见模式。拟议研究的第二个部分将比较使用麻痹肢体和非麻痹肢体的对应动作观察到的全脑反应。在健康的大脑中，动作观察主要由 MNS 处理，以支持动作理解和模仿。中风后，由于运动障碍，观察者可能很难或不可能执行一些观察到的动作，因此可能会进行由通常称为“心智化系统”的其他多模式认知大脑区域支持的更加深思熟虑的处理。 PI 旨在测试以下假设：(1) 观察使用非麻痹肢体的对应肢体的动作会调动 MNS；而（2）观察使用麻痹肢体对应部分的动作会调动 MNS 和心智化系统。 PI 旨在更好地理解中风后 MNS 和心智化系统在模仿和社会认知方面的合作作用。该研究计划的总体目标是为开发利用 MNS 促进中风康复的方法提供信息，并确定哪些患者可能从涉及行动观察的治疗中受益最多。公共健康相关性：镜像神经元系统（MNS）——当我们执行某个动作以及观察其他人执行类似动作时做出反应的运动脑区域——可能有助于促进自主运动能力有限的患者中风后的运动恢复。通过研究中风后大脑如何感知动作，我们将更好地了解如何使用 MNS 进行中风康复的方法，例如动作观察。通过询问大脑如何感知使用偏瘫肢体对应部分的动作，我们将更好地理解 MNS 和心智化系统在动作感知、模仿和社会认知中的作用。