PERFORMANCE AND HEALTH ENHANCED BY DIET

通过饮食提高表现和健康

基本信息

批准号：
7951325
负责人：
NANCY Imboden WILLIAMS
金额：
$ 0.28万
依托单位：
PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-04-01 至 2010-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7951325
关键词：
Athletic Biochemical Markers Blood specimen Body Composition Body Weight Bone Density Chronic Clinical Research Collection Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database Data Diet Dietary intake Disease Documentation Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Eating Disorders Energy Metabolism Estrogens Etiology Exercise Fasting Female Funding Goals Grant Guidelines Health Hip Fractures Hormonal Hormones Hour Institution Intake Intervention Lead Link Measurement Measures Menstruation Menstruation Disturbances Metabolic Muscle Osteoporosis Outcome Performance Physical activity Premenopause Prevalence Procedures Prospective Studies Randomized Recording of previous events Research Research Personnel Resources Rest Risk Screening procedure Source Sports Stress Fractures Supplementation Testing Triad Acrylic Resin United States National Institutes of Health Urine Vertebral column Woman aged bone loss bone turnover functional hypothalamic amenorrhea ghrelin improved reproductive function restoration

项目摘要

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. The prevalence of Female Athlete Triad disorders in exercising women has been documented to range from 1-44% for menstrual disorders, 2-66% for disordered eating and 6 and 48% for osteoporosis and osteopenia, respectively. Bone loss in female athletes is associated with an increased risk of stress fractures and fractures of the hip and spine. The etiology of Triad disorders involves chronic energy deficiency and resulting adaptive changes, i.e., reductions in circulating metabolic hormones and resting energy expenditure, producing a hypometabolic state. Chronic energy deficiency is a well recognized factor in the suppression of reproductive function, and recently, bone loss in amenorrheic athletes has been directly linked to these metabolic changes as well, an effect independent of compromised estrogen status. Although chronic energy deficiency is well documented in female athletes with menstrual disturbances, its effects on strength, power, cardiorespiratory endurance, and specific sport performance have not been examined. Similarly, whether reversing energy deficiency will improve performance is not known. Given the negative health consequences and potential impact on performance of Female Athlete Triad disorders, studies are necessary that examine strategies to reverse these negative outcomes. Currently, there are no established guidelines for reversing energy deficiency and restoring menstrual function in amenorrheic athletes. The overall goal of this study is to examine whether the reversal of energy deficiency in amenorrheic athletes will produce significant health and performance outcomes. We will test whether 6 months of daily calorie supplementation will a) reverse energy deficiency, b) restore menstrual function, c) lead to favorable changes in biochemical markers of bone turnover, and d) be associated with significantly improved physical performance. A randomized prospective study in exercising women aged 18-35 yrs is proposed with a 2 week screening period followed by a 4 week baseline and 6 month intervention period. Screening procedures over two weeks will include hormonal and menstrual history documentation of functional hypothalamic amenorrhea, assessments of body weight and composition, diet and physical activity. Baseline procedures over four weeks will include fasting blood samples for T3, ghrelin, P1NP, 2nd morning void urine collections for uCTX, a 3-day diet log, measurement of 24 hour energy expenditure (RT3 accelerometer), assessment of body composition and bone density (DXA), and testing for muscular strength, endurance, power, cardiorespiratory endurance, and a sport specific task. Intervention subjects will then begin increasing dietary intake by 20-30% of eucaloric intake by consuming sports supplements for 6 months, while controls will maintain their usual diet. All measures will be repeated at mid and post-study points. We expect that increased dietary intake will lead to a) reversal of energy deficiency, b) restoration of menses, c) favorable changes in bone turnover, and d) significant improvement in physical performance. Data will be compared pre and post for controls and intervention subjects with ANOVA for repeated measures. If our results are positive, the information could be used to develop practical dietary guidelines for coaches, athletic trainers and athletes themselves, therefore improving health and performance in premenopausal exercising women.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金，因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是中心，不一定是研究者的机构。据记录，运动女性中女运动员三联症的患病率范围为月经失调为 1-44%，饮食失调为 2-66%，骨质疏松症和骨质减少分别为 6% 和 48%。女性运动员的骨质流失与应力性骨折以及髋部和脊柱骨折的风险增加有关。三联症的病因涉及慢性能量缺乏和由此产生的适应性变化，即循环代谢激素和静息能量消耗减少，产生代谢低下状态。慢性能量缺乏是公认的抑制生殖功能的因素，最近，闭经运动员的骨质流失也与这些代谢变化直接相关，这种影响与雌激素状态受损无关。尽管患有月经失调的女性运动员存在慢性能量缺乏，但其对力量、爆发力、心肺耐力和特定运动表现的影响尚未得到研究。同样，扭转能量不足是否会提高表现尚不清楚。考虑到女运动员三联症障碍对健康的负面影响和对表现的潜在影响，有必要进行研究来检验扭转这些负面结果的策略。目前，还没有针对闭经运动员扭转能量缺乏和恢复月经功能的既定指南。这项研究的总体目标是检查逆转闭经运动员的能量缺乏是否会产生显着的健康和表现结果。我们将测试 6 个月的每日热量补充是否会 a) 逆转能量不足，b) 恢复月经功能，c) 导致骨转换生化标志物发生有利变化，以及 d) 与显着改善身体机能相关。一项针对 18-35 岁锻炼女性的随机前瞻性研究建议进行 2 周的筛选期，随后是 4 周的基线期和 6 个月的干预期。两周以上的筛查程序将包括功能性下丘脑闭经的激素和月经史记录、体重和成分、饮食和身体活动的评估。超过 4 周的基线程序将包括 T3、生长素释放肽、P1NP 的空腹血样、uCTX 的第 2 次早晨空尿采集、3 天的饮食日志、24 小时能量消耗的测量（RT3 加速计）、身体成分和骨密度的评估(DXA)，以及肌肉力量、耐力、力量、心肺耐力和运动特定任务的测试。然后，干预受试者将开始通过食用运动补充剂 6 个月，将膳食摄入量增加至真热量摄入量的 20-30%，而对照组将维持正常饮食。所有措施将在研究中和研究后重复。我们预计，增加饮食摄入量将导致 a) 能量缺乏的逆转，b) 月经的恢复，c) 骨转换的有利变化，以及 d) 身体机能的显着改善。将使用方差分析对对照组和干预受试者的前后数据进行比较，以进行重复测量。如果我们的结果是积极的，这些信息可以用来为教练、运动训练师和运动员本身制定实用的饮食指南，从而改善绝经前锻炼女性的健康和表现。