Human Energy and Body Weight Regulation Core

人体能量和体重调节核心

基本信息

批准号：
8350167
负责人：
Kong Chen
金额：
$ 43.91万
依托单位：
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
至
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8350167
关键词：
Affect Biopsy Body Composition Body Temperature Body Weight Body Weight decreased Brown Fat Chronic Clinical Investigator Clinical Research Collaborations Data Analyses Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry Endocrinology Energy Intake Energy Metabolism Environment Equilibrium Exercise Fatty acid glycerol esters Generations Genetic Glucose Heart Rate Heating Human Impairment Individual Inpatients Insulin Knowledge Laboratories Life Manuscripts Measurement Measures Mediating Metabolic Metric Modification Monitor Muscle Non obese Obesity Outpatients Overweight Patients Performance Phenotype Physical Function Physical activity Positron-Emission Tomography Prevalence Process Publishing Randomized Regulation Research Rest Role Satiation Services Source Staging Temperature Testing Thyroid Hormones Time Weight Woman cohort design fitness glucose uptake healthy volunteer indexing instrument insulin sensitivity interest intravenous glucose tolerance test lifestyle intervention men non-diabetic physical conditioning racial difference respiratory social subcutaneous trend uptake

项目摘要

Research highlights: 1. Brown adipose tissue continues to interest us as a potential source of increasing energy expenditure non-pharmacologically. In collaboration with Dr. Celi, we just completed studying 31 healthy volunteers in two overnight studies in the metabolic chamber, 12-hr environmental temperature randomized at 24 or 19 C. We found a 5-6% increase in 12-hr energy expenditure at 19 vs. 24 C which is comparable to our previously published finding in the day time. In order to explore the role of the brown adipose tissue we measured its activity by 18FDG-PET imaging. Although only 6 subjects showed visible brown adipose tissue activity at 19 C (as compare to none at 25 C), we hypothesis that the whole-body FDG uptake levels might be calculated to give us a metric of overall fuel utilization for heat generation, and thus better correlate with the individual changes in energy expenditure. We are in the process of analyzing this data and preparing a manuscript. 2. Resting energy expenditure may be reduced during weight loss in additional to the loss of fat-free mass and fat mass. In collaboration with Drs. Simchowitz and Celi, we are studying the potential role of thyroid hormone in contributing to the changes in resting energy expenditure during weight loss, using the repeated measurements of resting energy expenditure, body composition, and thyroid hormone levels at baseline and throughout the weight loss (up-to one year) in a group of (n=36) patients who are going through weight loss by life-style interventions with frequent follow-ups and repeated measurements. Preliminary analysis has shown trends in the changes in T3 levels and changes in resting energy expenditure in the early weight loss stage (one and three months), after controlling for the changes in fat and fat-free masses, but the association was not seen after 6 months. 3. The prevalence of overweight black women is higher than that of white women, and is associated with greater impairment in insulin-mediated glucose uptake. Exercise performance, which affects insulin sensitivity, contributes to a race difference in glucose utilization is being explored in 153 non-diabetic overweight women (63% black) in a cohort of patients by Dr. Cannon and our group (with Dr. Sumner). We found a statistical significant association between exercise capacity and insulin sensitivity index (as measured by IVGTT) in blacks but not in whites. We continue to analyze this data and to prepare the manuscript. 4. A lower core body temperature "set point" has been suggested to be a factor that could potentially predispose humans to develop obesity. Together with Drs. Yanovski and Skarulis, we tested the hypothesis that obese individuals might have lower core temperatures than those in normal-weight individuals. We did not, however, find a difference in mean daily or 24-hr time profiles of core temperature between 46 obese and 35 non-obese healthy volunteers (studied on the metabolic unit). We did find women to have a 0.23 C greater mean core temperature than men, which was similar to other previous studies. This study was published in AJCN. Services rendered (FY11 activities): 24-hr energy expenditure by whole-room respiratory chambers (244), resting energy expenditure by metabolic carts (371), exercise and physical function testing (86), experimental satiety test (139), body composition (404 Bod Pod, 390 DXA), objective physical activity monitoring (467 days), muscle biopsies (23), subcutaneous fat biopsies (88), and Health and Physical Exams (50).

研究重点： 1。棕色脂肪组织继续吸引我们作为非药理学能量支出增加的潜在来源。与Celi博士合作，我们刚刚完成了在代谢室的两次隔夜研究中研究31名健康志愿者，在24或19 C时随机将12小时的环境温度随机整合。我们发现，在19 vs. 24 C的12 HR能量支出中增加了5-6％，这与我们白天先前发表的发现相当。为了探索棕色脂肪组织的作用，我们通过18FDG-PET成像测量了其活性。尽管只有6名受试者在19 C时显示出明显的棕色脂肪组织活性（相比之下，在25 C时与不相比），但我们假设可以计算全身FDG摄取水平，以使我们对热量产生的总体燃料利用率进行度量，从而更好地与能量消耗的个体变化相关。我们正在分析这些数据并准备手稿。 2。在体重减轻期间，静息能量消耗可能会减少，而无脂肪质量和脂肪质量的损失。与Drs合作。 Simchowitz和Celi，我们正在研究甲状腺激素在体重减轻期间的静息能量消耗的变化中的潜在作用，使用静息能量消耗，身体组成和甲状腺激素水平的重复测量在基线时和整个体重减轻（n = 36 = 36）中的重量减少（n = 36）的过程中，甲状腺激素水平的变化（n = 36）的重量（n = 36）的过程（n = 36）的随访（n = 36）测量。初步分析表明，在控制了早期减肥阶段（一个月和三个月）的T3水平变化以及静息能量消耗的变化，在控制了无脂肪和无脂肪质量的变化之后，但是6个月后没有看到这种关联。 3。超重黑人妇女的患病率高于白人妇女，并且与胰岛素介导的葡萄糖摄取的损害更大有关。影响胰岛素敏感性的运动性能在153名非糖尿病性超重女性（63％黑色）中探索了葡萄糖利用率的种族差异，Cannon博士和我们的小组（与Sumner博士一起）。我们发现，运动能力和胰岛素敏感性指数（由黑人IVGTT衡量）之间存在统计学意义，但在白人中却没有。我们继续分析这些数据并准备手稿。 4。较低的核心温度“设定点”被认为是一种可能使人类发展肥胖的因素。与博士一起。 Yanovski和Skarulis，我们检验了以下假设：肥胖个体的核心温度可能低于正常体重个体的核心温度。但是，我们没有发现核心温度的平均每日或24小时时间分布在46个肥胖和35名非肥胖健康志愿者之间（在代谢单元上进行了研究）。我们确实发现女性的平均核心温度比男性高0.23℃，这与其他先前的研究相似。这项研究发表在AJCN中。提供的服务（2011财年）：全室呼吸器室的24小时能量消耗（244），代谢推车的休息能量支出（371）（371），运动和身体功能测试（86），实验疗程测试（139），身体组成，身体组成（404 BOD Pod，390 DXA），客观的身体活动（390 DXA）（460 DXA）（467）（467）（467）（467）（46），抚摸（46），抚摸（46），抚摸（46），抚摸着（46），抚摸着（46）活检（88）以及健康与身体检查（50）。