Drug Abuse and Crime Across the Life Course in an African American Population

非裔美国人一生中的药物滥用和犯罪

基本信息

批准号：
7755368
负责人：
MARGARET E. ENSMINGER
金额：
$ 47.6万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-03-15 至 2011-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7755368
关键词：
Address Adolescence Adult Affect African American Age Behavior Behavioral Chicago Child Childhood Communities Complex Crime Criminal Justice Data Development Disadvantaged Drug abuse Drug usage Etiology Family Female Gender Health Imprisonment Individual Interviewer Lead Learning Life Life Cycle Stages Longevity Mediating Mental Health Mothers Neighborhoods Outcome Pathway interactions Pattern Personal Satisfaction Pharmaceutical Preparations Population Population Study Preventive Intervention Records Request for Applications Research Resources Risk Risk Factors Role Sampling Social Functioning Societies Socioeconomic Status Source Staging System Time Time Study Unemployment Victimization Violence Woman base cohort cost criminal behavior design emerging adult experience first grade follow-up health economics inner city interest intervention program low socioeconomic status male member men mortality prospective racial discrimination social social integration socioeconomics statistics therapy design

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): African Americans are disproportionately represented in national crime statistics for arrests and incarceration as well as victimization, particularly for drug-related and violent offenses. Their involvement in crime often represents only one component of a well-recognized cluster of negative experiences and circumstances including drug use problems, socioeconomic disadvantage and poor physical and mental health, sometimes evident in childhood. The cost to individuals, families, and society is enormous, yet we know little about the development of these patterns across the life course. Despite these evident disparities, few studies have examined the development of drug use and criminal behaviors over time within African American community populations, especially into mid adulthood. We intend to study the timing and sources of risk over the life span to better understand the disparities in health and social consequences related to criminal justice issues among African Americans. To that end, we request support to analyze existing crime and drug data covering 35 years in the lives of a cohort of first grade, African American children from inner city Chicago. This prospective developmental study (the Woodlawn project) began in 1966-67, with the most recent follow up in 2002-3 at ages 42-43, and interim assessments in adolescence and early adulthood (age 32-33). The study population had high levels of drug use and criminal activity in adulthood. In the proposed project, we will focus on interrelationships of drug abuse and crime, examining predictors and consequences of drug abuse, criminal activity, and involvement with the criminal justice system. Using data from cohort members, mothers, interviewers, and official criminal records, we will identify 1) patterns of drug use and criminal behaviors over the life course; 2) individual and contextual predictors of later drug use, criminal activity/behaviors, and involvement with the criminal justice system; 3) social, economic, and health consequences of drug use, criminal behaviors, and involvement in the criminal justice system. Of particular interest is how drug use in adolescence and early adulthood relates to the risk of being arrested and incarcerated and, conversely, how early arrests and incarceration influence later drug use and criminal behaviors. This information will further our understanding of the etiology and consequences of crime and drug use into mid adulthood, and inform the design of interventions at various stages along the life course.

描述（由申请人提供）：在国家犯罪统计数据中，非洲裔美国人在逮捕、监禁和受害方面所占比例过高，特别是与毒品有关的犯罪和暴力犯罪。他们参与犯罪往往只是一系列众所周知的负面经历和情况的一个组成部分，这些经历和情况包括吸毒问题、社会经济不利地位以及身心健康状况不佳，有时在儿童时期就很明显。个人、家庭和社会付出的代价是巨大的，但我们对这些模式在生命历程中的发展知之甚少。尽管存在这些明显的差异，但很少有研究考察非裔美国人社区人口中吸毒和犯罪行为随时间的发展，特别是到成年中期。我们打算研究一生中风险的发生时间和来源，以更好地了解非裔美国人中与刑事司法问题相关的健康和社会后果的差异。为此，我们请求支持分析现有的犯罪和毒品数据，涵盖芝加哥内城区一群一年级非裔美国儿童 35 年来的生活。这项前瞻性发展研究（Woodlawn 项目）于 1966-67 年开始，最近一次随访是在 2002-3 年，年龄为 42-43 岁，并且在青春期和成年早期（32-33 岁）进行了中期评估。研究人群在成年期吸毒和犯罪活动水平较高。在拟议的项目中，我们将重点关注药物滥用和犯罪的相互关系，研究药物滥用、犯罪活动以及刑事司法系统参与的预测因素和后果。利用来自队列成员、母亲、采访者和官方犯罪记录的数据，我们将确定 1) 生命历程中的吸毒和犯罪行为模式； 2) 后期吸毒、犯罪活动/行为以及参与刑事司法系统的个人和背景预测因素； 3) 吸毒、犯罪行为和参与刑事司法系统造成的社会、经济和健康后果。特别令人感兴趣的是青春期和成年早期的吸毒与被捕和监禁的风险有何关系，以及相反，早期逮捕和监禁如何影响后来的吸毒和犯罪行为。这些信息将进一步加深我们对成年中期犯罪和吸毒的病因和后果的理解，并为生命历程各个阶段的干预措施设计提供信息。