Attention Allocation for Voluntary Smooth Eye Movements

自愿平滑眼球运动的注意力分配

• 批准号: 8238254
• 负责人: STEPHEN J HEINEN
• 金额: $ 33.24万
• 依托单位: SMITH-KETTLEWELL EYE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8238254
• 关键词: Address; Age related macular degeneration; Attention; Beryllium; Blindness; Characteristics; Cognitive; Coupled; Data; Developed Countries; Discrimination; Elements; Eye; Eye Movements; Eye diseases; Frequencies; Knowledge; Learning; Macular degeneration; Measures; Monitor; Motion; Movement; Patients; Performance; Peripheral; Process; Resources; Retina; Retinal; Saccades; Signal Transduction; Smooth Pursuit; Source; Spottings; Stimulus; System; Translating; Vision; Visual impairment; Work; flexibility; fovea centralis; improved; information processing; interest; luminance; oculomotor; parvocellular; research study; retinal stimulation; Address; Age related macular degeneration; Attention; Beryllium; Blindness; Characteristics; Cognitive; Coupled; Data; Developed Countries; Discrimination; Elements; Eye; Eye Movements; Eye diseases; Frequencies; Knowledge; Learning; Macular degeneration; Measures; Monitor; Motion; Movement; Patients; Performance; Peripheral; Process; Resources; Retina; Retinal; Saccades; Signal Transduction; Smooth Pursuit; Source; Spottings; Stimulus; System; Translating; Vision; Visual impairment; Work; flexibility; fovea centralis; improved; information processing; interest; luminance; oculomotor; parvocellular; research study; retinal stimulation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Smooth pursuit is usually studied with small, spot stimuli, yet extended natural objects stimulate peripheral retina and have features of interest. It is unknown how peripheral motion interacts with pursuit, or how attention is allocated to features during it. We have evidence that peripheral motion improves pursuit by minimizing saccades, and that attention is not locked to the fovea, but can be allocated flexibly to the periphery when the foveal pursuit burden is reduced. Furthermore, pilot data show that merely diverting attention from the fovea improves pursuit. It follows that a motion system incorporating peripheral retina can drive ocular pursuit more smoothly and allow an attentive process to simultaneously monitor local motion features, and our pilot data support this hypothesis. In addition we find that attentional resources for these pursuit and feature monitoring systems appear to be separate. Specific Aims are: Aim 1) Is attention allocation during pursuit flexible? Experiments will assess attention allocation under conditions that manipulate foveal attention demands while controlling for low-level features such as luminance transients. Aim 2) Does foveal attention increase saccades during pursuit? Experiments in this aim measure pursuit and manipulate attention and the locus of retinal stimulation. Aim 3) Do multi-element stimuli simultaneously support independent eye and attention movements? Experiments investigate whether attentional resources for pursuit and feature tracking are independent using attention operating characteristic (AOC) analysis. Other experiments will determine if only the attended elements are pursued, and if they are, if attention still arises from two sources. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Our project has relevance to Age-Related Maculopathy (ARM), an eye disease that can result in permanent damage of the central retina, since it addresses foveal as well as peripheral contributions to pursuit. It is widely accepted that ARM is the leading cause of severe visual impairment in the U.S. and in other industrialized countries. Understanding how peripheral and foveal information are processed during pursuit is key for helping patients with ARM learn to maintain clear vision of moving objects. Previous work studying pursuit with central visual loss has used small spot targets, and focused on how the spot was pursued with their new preferred retinal locus (PRL). Knowledge of peripheral and foveal contributions during pursuit could help guide oculomotor therapy on ARM patients who have lost use of their foveae.

描述（由申请人提供）：通常使用小的点刺激刺激研究，但扩展的天然物体刺激周围视网膜，并具有感兴趣的特征。尚不清楚外围运动如何与追求相互作用，或者如何将注意力分配给特征。我们有证据表明，外围运动通过最大程度地减少扫视而改善了追求，并且当动植物追求负担减轻时，这种注意力并未锁定在中央凹上，但可以灵活地分配给外围。此外，飞行员数据表明​​，仅将注意力转移到Fovea中会改善追求。因此，结合外围视网膜的运动系统可以更平稳地驱动眼球追击，并允许细心的过程同时监视本地运动特征，而我们的飞行员数据支持了这一假设。此外，我们发现这些追求和功能监控系统的注意力资源似乎是独立的。具体目的是：目标1）在追求灵活的过程中，注意力分配是否存在？实验将评估在控制中央凹的需求的条件下的注意力分配，同时控制低级特征，例如亮度瞬变。目标2）中央凹是否会增加追捕过程中的扫视？此目标的实验衡量追求并操纵注意力和视网膜刺激的轨迹。目标3）多元素刺激是否同时支持独立的眼睛和注意力运动？实验研究了使用注意操作特征（AOC）分析的追求和特征跟踪的注意力资源是否独立。其他实验将确定是否仅追求参加的元素，以及是否涉及，是否仍然来自两个来源。 公共卫生相关性：我们的项目与与年龄相关的大斑（ARM）相关，这是一种眼科疾病，可能导致中央视网膜中央损害，因为它解决了绒毛和外围贡献。人们普遍认为，ARM是美国和其他工业化国家严重视觉障碍的主要原因。了解在追捕过程中如何处理外围和中央凹的信息是帮助患者学会保持对移动物体的清晰愿景的关键。以前的研究追求中央视觉损失的工作使用了小点目标，并着重于如何使用其新的首选视网膜基因座（PRL）追求该点。在追捕过程中，对外周和凹贡的贡献的了解可以帮助指导失去雌科的ARM患者眼动疗法。