Determinants of Malaria Disease in Malawi

马拉维疟疾疾病的决定因素

• 批准号: 8101896
• 负责人: Terrie Ellen Taylor
• 金额: $ 132.89万
• 依托单位: MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8101896
• 关键词: Determinants; Malaria; Disease; Malawi

Successful malaria prevention, control and elimination activities depend on the sustained application of effective and well-targeted interventions. Developing innovative approaches and establishing novel applications of established approaches requires multi-disciplinary research. The research should be carried out in sites which span the ecological spectrum in which malaria thrives. Close coordinafion with policy makers enhances the transition from "data" to policy. Malawi, a landlocked country in southern Africa, is the ideal setting for transformative malaria research. Malawi contains within its boundaries nearly all of the ecogeographic settings relevant to malaria control. Malaria research in Malawi has been ongoing for over 20 years, and is concentrated in its one medical school, the University of Malawi College of Medicine. The National Malaria Control Programme, the relevant policy-making body in Malawi, has made a series of data driven decisions, and its link with investigators in the College of Medicine is strong. The Malawi ICEMR will harness all of these advantages to establish a self-sustaining research entity capable of developing the scientific basis for designing, implementing, and evaluating malaria control and prevention strategies. Core activities (Administrative, Data Management and Biostatistics, and Molecular and Genomic) will be based in the College of Medicine, and research activities will take place in 3 epidemiologically diverse sites, all located within 50 kilometers of each other. The primary objectives of the research are to identify, understand and evaluate interventions that target the determinants of malaria disease. We will accomplish these objectives by systematically surveying populations of vectors, hosts and parasites using newly developed molecular and genomic tools in conjunction with well-established epidemiologic approaches. Four synergistic Projects (two in the area of epidemiology, and two in transmission) are described. Through existing and new communication channels we will ensure that research findings are brought to bear on policy development. The surveillance mechanisms established during this work will provide a mechanism for determining the impact of those policies on malaria infection and disease.

成功的疟疾预防、控制和消除活动取决于持续应用有效和针对性强的干预措施。开发创新方法并建立现有方法的新应用需要多学科研究。研究应该在疟疾肆虐的生态范围内进行。与政策制定者的密切协调促进了从“数据”到政策的过渡。马拉维是南部非洲的一个内陆国家，是革命性疟疾研究的理想场所。马拉维境内几乎包含所有与疟疾控制相关的生态地理环境。马拉维的疟疾研究已经持续了 20 多年，主要集中在马拉维的一所医学院——马拉维大学医学院。马拉维的相关政策制定机构国家疟疾控制计划做出了一系列数据驱动的决策，并且与医学院研究人员的联系密切。马拉维 ICEMR 将利用所有这些优势建立一个自我维持的研究实体，能够为设计、实施和评估疟疾控制和预防战略奠定科学基础。核心活动（行政、数据管理和生物统计学、分子和基因组）将设在医学院，研究活动将在 3 个流行病学不同的地点进行，所有地点相距不超过 50 公里。该研究的主要目标是确定、理解和评估针对疟疾疾病决定因素的干预措施。我们将使用新开发的分子和基因组工具结合成熟的流行病学方法，系统地调查媒介、宿主和寄生虫种群，以实现这些目标。描述了四个协同项目（两个在流行病学领域，两个在传播领域）。通过现有和新的沟通渠道，我们将确保研究成果对政策制定产生影响。 这项工作期间建立的监测机制将提供一个机制来确定这些政策对疟疾感染和疾病的影响。