Boston University Cross-Disciplinary Training in Nanotechnology for Cancer

波士顿大学癌症纳米技术跨学科培训

• 批准号: 8497793
• 负责人: Douglas V Faller
• 金额: $ 4.51万
• 依托单位: BOSTON UNIVERSITY (CHARLES RIVER CAMPUS)
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8497793
• 关键词: Address; Age; Area; Biological; Biological Markers; Biological Sciences; Boston; Cessation of life; Collaborations; Country; Death Rate; Detection; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic Imaging; Diagnostic Neoplasm Staging; Discipline; Drug Delivery Systems; Early Diagnosis; Educational process of instructing; Educational workshop; Engineering; Environment; Face; Faculty; Future; Gene Delivery; Humanities; Image; Incidence; Income; Length; Lesion; Liquid substance; Malignant - descriptor; Malignant Neoplasms; Mediating; Medical; Mentors; Molecular; Nanotechnology; Nuclear Matrix-Associated Proteins; Participant; Patients; Population; Postdoctoral Fellow; Premalignant; Prevention; Proteomics; Radiation; Radiation therapy; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Residual Cancers; Residual Tumors; Rivers; Scientist; Scourge; Screening procedure; Solid Neoplasm; Specificity; Structure; Students; Technology; Toxic effect; Training; Training Programs; Tumor Tissue; Tumor stage; Underrepresented Minority; Universities; Work; arm; asphalt; cancer cell; cancer prevention; experience; gene therapy; global health; improved; nanobiotechnology; nanocantilever; nanomedicine; nanoparticle; nanoscale; nanowire; neoplastic cell; neovasculature; new technology; next generation; outreach program; physical science; pre-doctoral; programs; public health relevance; research clinical testing; skills; tool; tumor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Cancer is a scourge on the face of humanity, responsible for over 550,000 deaths in 2008 in the US, one out of every four. New diagnoses this year will top 1.4 million, with projections only growing as the population ages. From a global health perspective, the vast majority of cancer deaths occur in low and middle income countries, and the incidence and death rate is rising in these countries, adding to our urgency to improve prevention and treatment. The promise of nanotechnology in cancer lies in the ability to engineer customizable nanoscale constructs that can be loaded with one or more payloads such as chemotherapeutics, targeting units, imaging and diagnostic agents. Nanotechnology holds great promise for cancer, with the potential to address many difficult problems now facing cancer prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. These include the application of nanotechnology to early detection/cancer prevention, through identification of rare circulating tumor cells. Proteomics in particular is emerging as a tool for detection of nuclear matrix proteins and new biomarkers for screening of early tumors stage. Nanowires and nanocantilever arrays are among the leading approaches under development for the early detection of precancerous and malignant lesions from biological fluids. Nanobiotechnologies have been applied to improve drug delivery and to overcome some of the problems of drug delivery in cancer. Enhancing the activity and specificity of radiation therapy by sensitization of tumor tissues to radiation through nanoparticle targeting of tumor tissue is an approach currently in clinical testing. Nanoparticles are also being used for gene therapy for cancer. Targeting of the tumor environment, rather than the tumor itself, could be facilitated by nanoparticle-mediated gene delivery to tumor neovasculature. With potential advances in therapy garnered through nanotechnology, significant improvements in tumor imaging will be required for their effective application. New technology allowing sensitive detection of residual disease, and molecular characterization of these minimal residual cancer cells in patients with solid tumors, will be critical in determining the length of a course of treatment, saving the patient potential toxicity and expense. In the proposed training center proposal, we endeavor to do just that, directly couple faculty and students from physical and biological sciences on our Charles River Campus with the medical researchers and clinicians on our Medical Campus. Our program creates mechanisms for connections between the campuses with co-mentoring, cross-fertilized research projects, and interdisciplinary courses and workshops, easily overcoming the simple physical barrier of a mile of asphalt, and leading participants on the way to surmount the more challenging scientific cultural and disciplinary barriers. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The promise of nanotechnology in cancer lies in the ability to engineer customizable nanoscale constructs that can be loaded with one or more payloads such as chemotherapeutics, targeting units, imaging and diagnostic agents. Nanotechnology thus holds great promise for cancer, with the potential to address many of the most difficult problems now facing cancer prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Boston University is building a cross-disciplinary training program to train the next generation of scientists, engineers and researchers to fulfill this promise.

描述（由申请人提供）：癌症是人类面貌的祸害，2008年在美国造成550,000多人死亡，每四分之一。今年的新诊断将排名前140万，随着人口年龄的增长，预测只会增长。从全球健康的角度来看，绝大多数癌症死亡发生在低收入和中等收入国家，这些国家的发病率和死亡率正在上升，这加剧了我们改善预防和治疗的紧迫性。纳米技术在癌症中的承诺在于能够设计可定制的纳米级结构，这些纳米级结构可以加载一种或多种有效载荷，例如化学疗法，靶向单位，成像和诊断剂。纳米技术对癌症具有巨大的希望，有可能解决现在预防癌症，诊断和治疗面临的许多困难问题。这些包括通过鉴定罕见的循环肿瘤细胞的应用在早期检测/预防早期检测/癌症预防中的应用。尤其是蛋白质组学正在作为检测核基质蛋白和新生物标志物的工具，用于筛查早期肿瘤阶段。纳米线和纳米剂量阵列是正在开发的领先方法之一，即早期发现来自生物液的癌前病变和恶性病变。已经应用了纳米生物技术来改善药物输送并克服癌症中药物递送的一些问题。通过将肿瘤组织通过纳米粒子靶向肿瘤组织的辐射来增强放射治疗的活性和特异性是目前在临床测试中的方法。纳米颗粒也用于用于癌症的基因治疗。通过纳米粒子介导的基因递送到肿瘤新脉管系统，可以促进肿瘤环境而不是肿瘤本身的靶向。随着通过纳米技术获得的治疗的潜在进步，其有效应用将需要显着改善肿瘤成像。新技术允许对残留疾病的敏感检测以及实体瘤患者中这些最小残留癌细胞的分子表征，对于确定治疗过程的长度至关重要，从而节省患者的潜在毒性和费用。在拟议的培训中心提案中，我们努力做到这一点，直接与您的查尔斯河校园的物理和生物科学的教职员工与医学研究人员和临床医生在医疗校园中进行了培养。我们的计划创建了与校园之间的连接机制，并通过共同授课，跨授予的研究项目以及跨学科的课程和讲习班，很容易克服一英里的沥青的简单物理障碍，并带领参与者在越过更具挑战性的科学文化和障碍。 公共卫生相关性：纳米技术在癌症中的承诺在于能够设计可定制的纳米级结构，这些纳米级构建体可以加载一种或多种有效载荷，例如化学治疗剂，靶向单位，成像和诊断剂。因此，纳米技术对癌症具有巨大的希望，并有可能解决目前预防癌症，诊断和治疗面临的许多最困难的问题。波士顿大学正在建立跨学科培训计划，以培训下一代科学家，工程师和研究人员，以实现这一诺言。