Parenteral HCV Transmission: Assessing Risks and Prevention Strategies in vitro

丙型肝炎病毒肠外传播：体外风险评估和预防策略

• 批准号: 8326598
• 负责人: ROBERT HEIMER
• 金额: $ 45.25万
• 依托单位: YALE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-01 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8326598
• 关键词: Acids; American; Amphetamines; Anthropology; Beer; Biological Assay; Blood; Charge; Chemicals; Chronic Hepatitis C; Cirrhosis; Country; Crack Cocaine; Data; Detergents; Development; Disinfectants; Drug Compounding; Drug usage; Effectiveness; Epidemic; Epidemiologist; Epidemiology; Equipment; Exposure to; Genotype; HIV; HIV Infections; HIV Seroprevalence; Harm Reduction; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis C Prevalence; Hepatitis C Transmission; Hepatitis C virus; Heroin; Hospitals; Household; In Vitro; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Infectious hepatitides; Injecting drug user; Injection of therapeutic agent; Laboratories; Location; Medical; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; Needles; Needlestick Injuries; Particulate; Perchlorates; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Prevention; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Primary carcinoma of the liver cells; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Research; Research Personnel; Rice; Risk; Seroprevalences; Sodium; Solutions; Syringes; System; Temperature; Testing; Thailand; Time; Translational Research; Ukraine; United States; Virion; Virus; Water; Wine; Work; base; design; experience; high risk; in vitro Assay; innovation; mortality; novel; prevent; programs; transmission process; virology

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This project has been designed to understand the epidemiology of the risks for transmission of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) through unsafe drug injection and evaluate methods to reduce transmission. The study protocol applies an interdisciplinary epidemiological approach that fuses into laboratory-based research the real-world observations on drug injection practices to analyze (1) the potential for HCV transmission resulting from the use of HCV-contaminated injection equipment, (2) the duration of HCV viability in injection equipment of equipment, (3) the potential for disinfectants to inactivate HCV, and (4) the potential for exposure to infectious HCV in various drug preparation and injection practices common in parts of the world where the HCV epidemic among injection drugs users is still rapidly increasing. The laboratory assay takes advantage of a newly developed in vitro assay for HCV proliferation that employs whole virions and the handling of injection paraphernalia in the laboratory will be informed by oversight from medical anthropologists who have first-hand observational experience of drug injection practices. Epidemiological analysis and dissemination of the results will be used to inform prevention programs and individuals at risk for transmitting or becoming infected with HCV about the step that can be taken to reduce transmission.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目旨在了解通过不安全的药物注射和评估减少传播的方法传播乙型肝炎病毒（HCV）风险的流行病学。该研究方案采用了跨学科的流行病学方法，该方法将现实世界的药物注射习惯观察到分析（1）通过使用HCV污染的注射设备而导致的HCV传播的潜力，（2）HCV持续时间用于hCV在脉动启用设备中的持续时间（3）远处（3）HC型（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）（3）在世界各地常见的各种药物制备和注射习惯中，感染性HCV在注射药物中的HCV流行中常见，使用者仍在迅速增加。该实验室测定法利用了新开发的体外测定法，用于HCV扩散，该测定法在实验室中采用了整个病毒体和对注射用具的处理，这将受到医学人类学家的监督，这些医学人类学家的监督是对药物注射实践的第一手观察经验的。流行病学分析和结果的传播将用于为预防计划和有风险传输或感染HCV的个人提供信息，以减少传播的步骤。