International Comparison of Well-Being, Health and Retirement

福祉、健康和退休的国际比较

• 批准号: 8078488
• 负责人: Arie Kapteyn
• 金额: $ 38.62万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-07-15 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8078488
• 关键词: Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Alcohol consumption; American; Attention; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Child; Childhood; China; Chinese People; Cholesterol; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Control Groups; Country; Data; Data Sources; Databases; Developed Countries; Diabetes Mellitus; Diagnosis; Dietary Practices; Disability Insurance; Disease; Economic Development; Economics; Elderly; England; Etiology; Europe; European; Event; Experimental Designs; Family; Famines; Food; Foreclosure; Foundations; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Health Expenditures; Health Services Accessibility; Health Status; Healthcare; High Frequency Waves; Home environment; Household; Household Consumptions; Housing; Hypertension; Incentives; Income; Individual; Institution; International; Intervention; Interview; Korea; Life; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Longitudinal Surveys; Marketing; Measurement; Measures; Mental Depression; Methodology; Mexico; Modeling; Natural Disasters; Nature; Occupations; Older Population; Paint; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Primary Health Care; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reaction; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Research; Respondent; Retirement; Role; Sample Size; Savings; Severities; Shock; Smoking; Social Security; Socioeconomic Status; Source; Staging; Stress; Structural Models; Surveys; System; Testing; Time; Translating; Uncertainty; Uninsured; United States; Variant; War; aging population; design; expectation; experience; follow-up; food security; health care service utilization; nutrition; optimism; payment; programs; response; unemployment insurance

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The United States and most of the developed world is experiencing its greatest economic crisis since the Great Depression. Households have been affected in a number of ways. Large declines in house values combined with the assumption of risky mortgages and equity extraction have led to negative housing equity for a significant fraction of home owners and foreclosures for some. Although there has been some recovery, declines in stock values have reduced the savings of many households, especially affecting retirement savings. Record rates of job loss have jeopardized the economic foundations of a large fraction of workers and their families. One major objective of this proposed project will be to quantify the effects of the Great Recession on the economic status of U.S. households and any adjustments in behavior households made in response. To paint as complete a picture as possible these analyses will employ multiple longitudinal data sources (Health and Retirement Study (HRS), Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), and the American Life Panel (ALP)) that vary in the covered age range, sample size, the frequency and timing of interviews as well as the richness of available information. Particularly noteworthy are the ALP data where we will have 56 waves of high-frequency panel data collected throughout the crisis (and its potential recovery). We will study a variety of response behaviors, including consumption and saving, retirement and bequests. We will study the role of expectations for households' behavioral responses to the crisis by estimating changes in subjective uncertainty and optimism about the financial situation of households and relating those to individuals' economic choices. We will study the health effects of the crisis using a rich set of available health measures, including biomarkers. We will contrast the U.S. experience of the crisis with the experiences by other developed countries in Europe. Taking advantage of the additional cross-country variation related to the timing and severity of the crisis, we will replicate the HRS analyses for fifteen European countries on data that were designed to be directly comparable to the HRS. Beyond the additional sources of variation, these analyses will allow us to exploit more detailed health measures and additional biomarkers available in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) and the Irish Longitudinal Study of Ageing (TILDA) to further extend the analyses of the effects of economic crisis and corresponding stresses on health than would be possible on HRS data. PUBIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The financial crisis has threatened the economic position of the older population. Because of a strong relationship between economic status and health, the crisis has also likely affected their health. This project will quantify these effects, including the responses by households to their reduced economic circumstances. The project will also investigate the role of expectations and uncertainty in how changes in economic status translate into changes in health, with attention to potential reverse causality.

描述（由申请人提供）：自大萧条以来，美国和大多数发达国家正在遭受其最大的经济危机。家庭已经通过多种方式受到影响。房屋价值的大幅下降，加上有风险抵押和股权提取的假设，导致了大量房主和某些房屋所有者的丧失抵押品赎回权。尽管已经恢复了一些恢复，但股票价值的下降减少了许多家庭的储蓄，尤其是影响退休储蓄。创纪录的失业率危害了很大一部分工人及其家人的经济基础。该拟议项目的一个主要目标是量化大萧条对美国家庭经济状况的影响以及作为回应的行为家庭的任何调整。为了尽可能地绘制图片，这些分析将采用多个纵向数据源（健康和退休研究（HRS），收入动态小组研究（PSID）和美国生活小组（ALP），在涵盖的年龄范围，样本大小，访谈的频率和时机以及可用信息的丰富度中变化。特别值得注意的是ALP数据，在该数据中，我们将在整个危机期间收集了56个高频面板数据（及其潜在恢复）。我们将研究各种响应行为，包括消费和储蓄，退休和遗产。我们将通过估计家庭对家庭财务状况的主观不确定性和乐观情绪的变化，并将这些方式与个人的经济选择联系起来，从而研究对家庭对危机行为的期望的作用。我们将使用包括生物标志物在内的丰富的可用健康措施来研究危机的健康影响。 我们将与欧洲其他发达国家的经验相比，美国对危机的经验。利用与危机的时间和严重程度有关的额外越野差异，我们将对15个欧洲国家的HRS分析进行复制，这些数据旨在与HRS直接相当。除了其他差异来源之外，这些分析还可以使我们能够利用更详细的健康措施和其他生物标志物在英语衰老纵向研究（ELSA）和爱尔兰的衰老纵向研究（TILDA）中，进一步扩展了对健康危机的影响和对健康的相应压力的分析。 耻骨健康相关性：金融危机威胁着老年人口的经济地位。由于经济状况与健康之间的牢固关系，危机也可能影响了他们的健康。该项目将量化这些影响，包括家庭对减少经济环境的反应。该项目还将调查期望和不确定性在经济状况变化如何转化为健康变化的情况下的作用，并注意潜在的反向因果关系。