Zoonotic Avian Influenza: The Human-Animal Interface in the US and Asia

人畜共患禽流感：美国和亚洲的人与动物接触

• 批准号: 7288311
• 负责人: Richard Arnold Bowen
• 金额: $ 87.33万
• 依托单位: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-30 至 2009-09-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7288311
• 关键词: Zoonotic; Avian; Influenza; Human; Animal

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The fundamental objective of this program is to characterize interactions between humans and poultry with a focus on zoonotic transmission of avian influenza viruses. Emphasis will be placed on small flock, semi-commercial poultry operations in two disparate ecosystems: the western United States, where avian influenza is rare, and central Indonesia, where H5N1 influenza virus infections of both humans and poultry have recently occurred. Our goal is to provide a better understanding of the factors which may promote human infection with avian influenza viruses and to enhance our ability to detect and mitigate such transmission. Specific aims for this work are to: (1) Characterize the distribution of and patterns of bird transport among semi-commercial flocks of chickens and ducks in Colorado and surrounding western states extending to the Mexican border, and assess how frequently and intimately humans interact with these birds. In the process of assembling such a dynamic mapping, we will obtain baseline data on the prevalence of influenza virus infection in the birds and an estimate of previous infections by avian influenza viruses in humans that interact with them. (2) Establish a system for active surveillance of influenza virus infection in humans and their associated poultry in central Indonesia, and delineate the role of human-poultry interactions in ransmission of influenza viruses. We will obtain estimates of infection rate and seroprevalence from both humans and poultry, and estimate the frequency of clinical and subclinical infection of both humans and birds. Genetic risk factors will be evaluated in a subset of humans in this locale. (3) Evaluate experimentally the influence of suboptimal avian vaccination on viral evolution by characterization of genotype and phenotype of H5N1 influenza viruses isolated from immunized birds undergoing subclinical infection. The work proposed in the US will provide a comprehensive understanding of human-poultry interactions and poultry movement in the large population of semi-commercial birds that are likely to be key in any control efforts following introduction of highly-pathogenic avian influenza into this country. The studies to be conducted in Indonesia will deliver estimates of the frequency of subclinical infections with avian influenza viruses, and will provide enhanced understanding of the epizootiology of such infections that can be applied to detection, prevention and control of such infections in this country.

描述（由申请人提供）：该计划的基本目标是描述人类与家禽之间的相互作用，重点关注禽流感病毒的人畜共患传播。重点将放在两个不同生态系统中的小群半商业家禽养殖：禽流感罕见的美国西部和最近发生人类和家禽 H5N1 流感病毒感染的印度尼西亚中部。我们的目标是更好地了解可能促进人类感染禽流感病毒的因素，并提高我们检测和减轻这种传播的能力。这项工作的具体目标是：（1）描述科罗拉多州和延伸至墨西哥边境的周边西部各州半商业鸡鸭群中鸟类运输的分布和模式，并评估人类与鸟类互动的频率和密切程度。这些鸟。在构建这种动态映射的过程中，我们将获得鸟类中流感病毒感染流行率的基线数据，以及与鸟类相互作用的人类先前感染禽流感病毒的估计值。 (2) 在印度尼西亚中部建立一个主动监测人类及其相关家禽流感病毒感染的系统，并描述人与家禽相互作用在流感病毒传播中的作用。我们将获得人类和家禽的感染率和血清流行率的估计，并估计人类和鸟类的临床和亚临床感染频率。遗传风险因素将在该地区的一部分人类中进行评估。 (3) 通过从亚临床感染的免疫禽类中分离出的 H5N1 流感病毒的基因型和表型特征，通过实验评估次优禽类疫苗接种对病毒进化的影响。美国提出的这项工作将全面了解大量半商业鸟类中人与家禽的相互作用和家禽运动，这可能是高致病性禽流感传入该国后任何控制工作的关键。将在印度尼西亚进行的研究将估计禽流感病毒亚临床感染的频率，并将加深对此类感染的流行病学的了解，从而可应用于该国此类感染的检测、预防和控制。