Promoting Resourcefulness in Grandmothers Raising Grandchildren

提高祖母抚养孙子的智慧

基本信息

批准号：
7496060
负责人：
JACLENE A ZAUSZNIEWSKI
金额：
$ 18.95万
依托单位：
CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-09-13 至 2010-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7496060
关键词：
Address Affect Affective Attention Caregivers Caring Characteristics Child Chronically Ill Clinical Cognition Cognitive Condition Control Groups Data Disclosure Educational Intervention Educational process of instructing Effectiveness Elderly Emotions Future Goals Health Status Institution Intervention Journals Learning Literature Measures Mental Health Methods Monitor Mothers Outcome Outcome Study Placement Population Problem behavior Process Quality of life Randomized Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials Randomized Controlled Trials Records Reporting Research Research Project Grants Safety Score Specific qualifier value Stress Testing Time Training Validation Week base caregiving contextual factors depressive cognitions depressive symptoms design emotional disclosure emotional distress experience expressive writing follow-up foster care help-seeking behavior improved reinforcer self help skills social theories treatment effect

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this R21 exploratory research grant is to pilot test and refine an adapted intervention that teaches personal and social resourcefulness skills to grandmothers raising grandchildren. The resourcefulness training (RT) intervention has strong theoretical grounding, and there is beginning empirical evidence for its effectiveness in reducing stress, minimizing depressive symptoms, and promoting optimal quality of life for populations other than grandmothers raising grandchildren. This study will provide data for determining the necessity, acceptability, feasibility, fidelity, safety, and effectiveness of two innovatively designed methods of RT within the context of a small randomized controlled trial with 100 grandmothers raising grandchildren. The same personal (self-help) and social (help-seeking) resourcefulness skills are taught within both RT methods; however, one method uses expressive writing (EW) for practicing the skills and the other uses verbal disclosure (VD). The effects of these two methods will be compared with EW and VD without RT and with an attention only control condition. Based on Resourcefulness Theory, outcomes on which the treatments will be compared include perceived stress, negative emotions, and depressive cognitions (immediately after the four week intervention period), personal and social resourcefulness (6 weeks post-intervention), and depressive symptoms and quality of life indicators (12 weeks post-intervention). Both quantitative and qualitative data will be used for the pilot testing and future refinement of the RT interventions. Three specific aims will be addressed as follows. The first aim is to examine the effects of RT-EW and RT-VD in comparison with EW, VD, and the control condition on outcomes that are expected to be affected at data points specified by Resourcefulness Theory. The second aim is to examine whether the effects of the treatment conditions (RT-EW, RT-VD, EW, VD, and control) on the seven study outcomes are influenced by relevant contextual factors, including characteristics of the grandmother, her grandchild, and the caregiving situation. Finally, because the literature suggests that not all grandmothers are overwhelmed or stressed and previous studies suggest that 10% of the grandmothers may be highly resourceful at baseline and not need RT, the third aim is to analyze qualitative data from EW or VD on randomly selected highly resourceful grandmothers to provide additional information for refining the RT and designing alternative methods for enhancing the quality of life of grandmothers caring for grandchildren. Once established, such interventions will be useful in promoting optimal, healthy functioning among the growing population of grandmothers caring for grandchildren so that they can continue to provide adequate care for their grandchildren and avoid placement of the child in an institution or foster care.

描述（由申请人提供）：R21 探索性研究补助金的目标是试点测试和完善适应性干预措施，向抚养孙辈的祖母传授个人和社会足智多谋的技能。足智多谋训练 (RT) 干预措施具有坚实的理论基础，并且已有实证证据表明，其在减轻压力、最大程度减少抑郁症状以及促进养育孙子的祖母以外的人群获得最佳生活质量方面的有效性。这项研究将在一项小型随机对照试验中提供数据，以确定两种创新设计的 RT 方法的必要性、可接受性、可行性、保真度、安全性和有效性，该试验对 100 名抚养孙子的祖母进行。两种 RT 方法都教授相同的个人（自助）和社交（寻求帮助）足智多谋技能；然而，一种方法使用表达性写作（EW）来练习技能，另一种方法使用口头披露（VD）。这两种方法的效果将与没有 RT 和仅注意控制条件的 EW 和 VD 进行比较。根据足智多谋理论，比较治疗的结果包括感知压力、负面情绪和抑郁认知（四周干预期后立即）、个人和社会足智多谋（干预后六周）以及抑郁症状和质量生命指标（干预后 12 周）。定量和定性数据都将用于 RT 干预措施的试点测试和未来的完善。将解决以下三个具体目标。第一个目标是检查 RT-EW 和 RT-VD 与 EW、VD 相比的影响，以及控制条件对资源理论指定的数据点预计会受到影响的结果。第二个目的是检查治疗条件（RT-EW、RT-VD、EW、VD 和对照）对七项研究结果的影响是否受到相关背景因素的影响，包括祖母、孙子的特征、以及护理情况。最后，因为文献表明并非所有的祖母都不知所措或压力大，而且之前的研究表明 10% 的祖母在基线时可能非常足智多谋，不需要 RT，所以第三个目标是分析来自 EW 或 VD 的定性数据，随机选择足智多谋的祖母们提供了更多信息，以改进 RT 并设计替代方法，以提高照顾孙辈的祖母的生活质量。一旦建立，此类干预措施将有助于促进越来越多的照顾孙辈的祖母实现最佳、健康的功能，以便她们能够继续为孙辈提供充分的照顾，并避免将孩子安置在机构或寄养机构中。