TEACHING RESOURCEFULNESS TO CHRONICALLY ILL OLDER ELDERS

向患有慢性病的年长老人传授足智多谋的知识

• 批准号: 2891269
• 负责人: JACLENE A ZAUSZNIEWSKI
• 金额: $ 34.56万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-09-10 至 2002-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2891269
• 关键词: aging; behavioral /social science research tag; chronic disease /disorder; clinical research; clinical trials; emotional adjustment; functional ability; geriatric nursing; health behavior; human old age (65+); human subject; interview; person with disability; psychological adaptation; self help; teaching

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): Aging gradually increases vulnerability to chronic illness, and approximately 80% of the aged population have at least one chronic condition. Older adults whose health and functioning are compromised by chronic illness are at great risk for anxiety, depression, and further declines in physical functioning. Thus, there is a growing need to promote their resourcefulness in achieving optimal physical and psychological health. Resourcefulness involves both the ability to use internal resources to perform daily tasks independently (learned resourcefulness) and to use external resources by seeking help from others when unable to function independently (help-seeking behavior). Research shows that elders who are resourceful in both of these ways have better physical and psychological health than those who use either internal or external resources alone. In addition, when taught resourcefulness, community- dwelling elders with greater numbers of chronic illness symptoms showed the most improvement in physical and psychological health. Hence, teaching learned resourcefulness and help-seeking behavior to chronically ill elderly residents of assisted living facilities has great potential for improving or sustaining their physical and psychological health. A clinical trial will test the effects of two interventions to 200 randomly selected elders in assisted living facilities: learned resourcefulness training (LRT) and help-seeking behavior training (HSBT). The study will also examine the additive effects of combining the two (LRT + HSBT). Since all three interventions use reminiscence, a reminiscence-only group (REM) will separate effects due to reminiscence and to determine content specificity of the interventions, a diversional activity group (DIV) will be used. Subjects will be randomly assigned to one of five treatment groups (LRT, HSBT, LRT + HSBT, REM or DIV) and will participate in one pre- intervention and three post-intervention face-to-face interviews. A priori planned comparisons will be used to compare: 1) LRT, HSBT, and LRT + HSBT to DIV; 2) LRT, HSBT, and LRT + HSBT to REM; 3) (LRT + HSBT) to LRT (combined) to LRT and HSBT alone; and 4) LRT to HSBT. The comparisons will be repeated while controlling for demographics and chronic and episodic conditions to determine if the effects still hold. The effects of the treatments will be examined for immediate and 6 week lagged, and 3 month extended effects. This study is unique in comparing the separate and additive effects over time of two interventions, LRT and HSBT, on physical and psychological health in functionally impaired elders.

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：逐渐衰老 增加患慢性病的可能性，并且大约 80% 的人 老年人口至少患有一种慢性病。老年人谁 健康和功能因慢性疾病而受到严重损害 焦虑、抑郁和体力进一步下降的风险 发挥作用。因此，越来越需要促进他们的 足智多谋地实现最佳的身心健康。 足智多谋既包括利用内部资源的能力 独立执行日常任务（学会足智多谋）并使用 无法运作时寻求他人帮助的外部资源 独立（寻求帮助的行为）。研究表明，长辈们 在这两个方面都足智多谋 有更好的身体和 心理健康程度高于那些使用内部或外部的人 仅资源。此外，当教授足智多谋时，社区- 患有慢性病症状的居住长者较多 身体和心理健康的最大改善。因此， 教授习得的足智多谋和寻求帮助的行为 生活辅助设施中患有慢性病的老年居民 改善或维持他们的身体和健康的巨大潜力 心理健康。临床试验将测试两种药物的效果 对随机抽取的 200 名老年人进行辅助生活干预 设施：智谋训练（LRT）和寻求帮助 行为训练（HSBT）。该研究还将检查添加剂 两者结合（LRT + HSBT）的效果。由于所有三种干预措施 使用记忆，仅记忆组（REM）将分离效果 由于回忆并确定内容的特殊性 干预措施时，将使用转移活动小组 (DIV)。 受试者将被随机分配到五个治疗组之一（LRT、 HSBT、LRT + HSBT、REM 或 DIV）并将参加一项预科课程 干预和三个干预后面对面访谈。 一个 先验计划的比较将用于比较： 1) LRT、HSBT 和 轻轨 + HSBT 至 DIV； 2) 轻轨、高速铁路和轻轨 + 高速铁路至快速列车； 3) (轻轨+高速铁路) 转为轻轨（合并） 转为单独轻轨和 HSBT； 4) 轻轨 (LRT) 至 HSBT。这 在控制人口统计数据的同时，将重复进行比较 慢性和偶发性病症以确定效果是否仍然存在。 将立即和六周内检查治疗效果 滞后效应和 3 个月的延长效应。这项研究的独特之处在于比较 两种干预措施随时间推移的单独效应和累加效应，LRT 和 HSBT，关于功能障碍者的身心健康 长老们。