INNATE AND ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE TO HAV

对 HAV 的先天性和适应性免疫反应

• 批准号: 8172693
• 负责人: Christopher M. Walker
• 金额: $ 0.21万
• 依托单位: TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172693
• 关键词: Animals; Blood; Categories; Childhood; Chronic Hepatitis; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Country; Disease Outbreaks; Exposure to; Flavivirus; Funding; Grant; Hepatitis; Hepatitis A Virus; Hepatitis C virus; Human; Icterus; Immune response; Immunity; Individual; Infection; Institution; Liver; Liver diseases; Monitor; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease; Natural Immunity; Nature; Pan Genus; Pilot Projects; Procedures; Relapse; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Resources; Sampling; Source; Symptoms; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Vaccination; Vaccines; Viral; Virus; Virus Diseases; adaptive immunity; foodborne; insight; prevent; waterborne

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Hepatitis A virus (HAV), a NIAID Category B priority agent, is perhaps the most common cause of infectious jaundice globally despite the availability of an effective vaccine that can prevent liver disease when administered before or even after exposure to the virus. HAV infection rates in many countries including the United States have been reduced by widespread childhood vaccination but the potential for large-scale food or waterborne HAV outbreaks remains. Natural immunity to this virus is poorly understood. HAV infection is usually cleared within 5-7 weeks of infection. Relapsing hepatitis can occur within 4-16 weeks of symptom resolution in some individuals. Despite the potential for relapse that can prolong liver disease for up to one year, HAV cannot establish persistent infection like HCV, a flavivirus that causes chronic hepatitis in about 70% of infected individuals. This is a relatively short-term pilot study to understand the nature of protective immune responses to the hepatitis A virus. Our plan is to challenge two animals intravenously with 100 CID (chimpanzee infectious does) of HAV HM175 strain. Innate and adaptive immunity will then be monitored in blood and liver for 6 months as described in the Table of Samples and Procedures provided below. The animals will terminate the infection, approximately 5-8 weeks after challenge. The study may provide insight into mechanisms of successful viral immunity in the liver in a species that is highly relevant to humans.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV) 是 NIAID B 类优先病原体，尽管有有效的疫苗可以在接触病毒之前甚至之后接种来预防肝病，但它可能是全球感染性黄疸的最常见原因。 通过广泛的儿童疫苗接种，包括美国在内的许多国家的甲型肝炎病毒感染率已经降低，但大规模食物或水传播甲型肝炎病毒爆发的可能性仍然存在。人们对这种病毒的自然免疫力知之甚少。 HAV 感染通常在感染后 5-7 周内被清除。 某些个体在症状缓解后 4-16 周内可能会出现复发性肝炎。尽管 HAV 可能会复发，导致肝病时间长达一年，但它不能像 HCV 那样形成持续感染，HCV 是一种黄病毒，可导致约 70% 的感染者出现慢性肝炎。 这是一项相对短期的试点研究，旨在了解甲型肝炎病毒保护性免疫反应的性质。 我们的计划是用 100 CID（黑猩猩感染剂量）的 HAV HM175 株静脉注射攻击两只动物。 然后将在血液和肝脏中监测先天性和适应性免疫，为期 6 个月，如下面提供的样品和程序表中所述。 攻击后大约 5-8 周，动物将终止感染。 这项研究可能有助于深入了解与人类高度相关的物种肝脏中成功的病毒免疫机制。