ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN RENAL FUNCTION IN AFRICAN AND CAUCASIANS

非洲人和白人肾功能的种族差异

• 批准号: 8171731
• 负责人: MURIELLE BOCHUD
• 金额: $ 0.99万
• 依托单位: CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2011-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8171731
• 关键词: ABCB1 gene; African; African American; Alleles; American; Blood Pressure; Candidate Disease Gene; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Creatinine; DASH diet; Diet; Dietary Sodium; Distal; European; Excretory function; Family member; Funding; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Grant; Heritability; High Prevalence; Human; Hypertension; Incidence; Institution; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Lithium; Measures; Nephrons; Nuclear Family; Participant; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Renal function; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Sodium; Sodium Chloride; Source; Staging; Stroke; United States National Institutes of Health; Woman; ethnic difference; experience; men; normotensive; response

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. African Americans, as compared to European Americans, have a higher prevalence and incidence of hypertension and experience higher rates of hypertensive complications  in particular, stroke and end-stage renal diseasel. Furthermore, several studies have suggested that blood pressure might be more sensitive to sodium depletion or salt loading in African Americans than in European Americans. However, researchers have not consistently observed this ethnic difference in normotensive and hypertensive participants or in women and men. In the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH)  Sodium Trial, African Americans showed a greater blood pressure response to dietary sodium restriction than non-African Americans, but only on the control diet, and not on the DASH diet. We randomly recruited nuclear families of black South African ancestry and nuclear families of white Belgian ancestry. We measured the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) and estimated the fractional renal sodium reabsorption in the proximal (RNaprox) and distal (RNadist) tubules from the clearances of endogenous lithium and creatinine. In multivariable analyses, we studied the relation of RNaprox and RNadist with the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa) and estimated the heritability of RNaprox and RNadist. Segmental sodium reabsorption along the nephron is highly heritable, but the capacity for regulation in the proximal and postproximal tubules differs between whites and blacks. Of the filtered sodium load, black participants reabsorb more than white participants in the proximal nephron and less postproximally. In another study, studying both African family members and unrelated Caucasions, SNPs in and around the ABCB1 gene were investigated for association with glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The 2677T and 3435T alleles were associated with significantly higher GFR, pointing to a new candidate gene for nephropathy in humans.

该副本是利用众多研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源。子弹和 调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金， 因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是 对于中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。 与欧洲美国人相比，非洲裔美国人患有高血压的患病率和发病率更高，尤其是高血压并发症的发生率更高，尤其是中风和终末期肾脏疾病。此外，几项研究表明，与欧洲裔美国人相比，非洲裔美国人的血压可能对钠耗尽或盐负荷更敏感。但是，研究人员并未始终如一地观察到这种种族差异在出色的和高血压参与者或男女中。在停止高血压（DASH）钠试验的饮食方法中，非洲裔美国人对饮食钠限制的血压反应较大，而不是非洲美国人，但仅在控制饮食中，而不是在dash饮食上。我们随机招募了南非黑人血统和白人比利时血统的核心家庭。我们测量了钠（FENA）的分数排泄，并估计了内源性锂和肌酐的间隙中近端（RNAPROX）和远端（RNADIST）小管中的肾脏钠重吸收。在多变量分析中，我们研究了rnaprox和rnadist与钠（Fena）的分数排泄的关系，并估计了rnaprox和rnadist的遗传力。沿着肾单位的节段钠重吸收是高度遗传的，但是白人和黑人之间的近端和后小管的调节能力却有所不同。在过滤后的钠负载中，黑人参与者比近端肾单位的白人参与者更重要，而后二个参与者则更多。 在另一项研究中，研究了非洲家庭成员和无关的核心，研究了ABCB1基因和周围的SNP与肾小球过滤率（GFR）相关。 2677T和3435T等位基因与GFR显着相关，指出了人类肾病的新候选基因。