Neural correlates of social exclusion among youth exposed to family conflict

遭受家庭冲突的青少年社会排斥的神经相关性

• 批准号: 8020988
• 负责人: Darby E. Saxbe
• 金额: $ 5.29万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-02-01 至 2013-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8020988
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affective; Age; Anterior; Anxiety; Area; Behavior; Brain; Brain region; Caregivers; Cognitive; Computers; Conflict (Psychology); Data; Development; Distress; Environment; Etiology; Exclusion; Exposure to; Family; Feeling; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Housing; Insula of Reil; Label; Lead; Life; Link; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Mediator of activation protein; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Pain; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Protocols documentation; Psychopathology; Questionnaires; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Reporter; Research; Risk; Risk-Taking; Sampling; Social Behavior; Social Functioning; Social Interaction; Social isolation; Staging; Symptoms; Testing; Theoretical model; Yang; Youth; base; brain research; depressive symptoms; design; diaries; experience; externalizing behavior; mortality; neuroimaging; peer; physical conditioning; psychologic; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; response; social; social integration; social neuroscience; therapy development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Exposure to family conflict has been linked with later deficits in social functioning, and social difficulties are implicated in a variety of psychological disorders. The proposed study seeks to inform research into the causes and consequences of social vulnerability by identifying neural markers of maladaptive social processing among adolescents. We test a theoretical model linking family conflict to social behavior and psychological symptoms in a diverse sample of youth in late adolescence (ages 17-19) whose exposure to family conflict has been tracked as part of an eight-year, five-wave longitudinal study. We focus in particular to the neural correlates of reactivity to social exclusion, a construct we label social exclusion reactivity (SER). We will introduce participants to two functional neuroimaging (fMRI) tasks designed to assess neural SER (NSER): the Cyberball paradigm (Williams & Jarvis, 2006), a computer game that elicits feelings of social exclusion, and the Social Pain Task (Immordino-Yang, McColI, Damasio and Damasio, in press), in which youth are presented with vignettes showing others being socially excluded or rejected. Both neuroimaging tasks have been linked with increased activation in brain regions associated with distress and pain processing. We expect youth with past exposure to family conflict to display greater activation in these "distress" areas, as well as diminished ability to manage that distress by recruiting areas of the prefrontal cortex that have been shown to help down regulate social distress in previous studies. We also expect these neural correlates of SER to be associated with youths' psychological symptoms and with their everyday social behavior as measured during a 14-day daily diary study. By integrating these two neuroimaging protocols with longitudinal data on family conflict from multiple reporters and ecologically valid data on adolescents' real-life social interactions, the proposed project should offer an unprecedented depth of perspective on social functioning at a pivotal developmental stage. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Conflictual family environments and a lack of social integration have both been linked with increased mental and physical health risks across the lifespan. Research that identifies markers of social vulnerability in young people, at the level of nonconscious cognitive and affective processing, can inform understanding of psychological disorders related to social functioning and the development of interventions targeting youth at risk. Important, enduring relationships are often formed during the transition from adolescence to adulthood, while psychological symptoms may begin to emerge, warranting a focus on social difficulty during this stage of life.

描述（由申请人提供）：接触家庭冲突与后来的社会功能缺陷有关，社会困难与多种心理疾病有关。拟议的研究旨在通过确定青少年不良适应性社会处理的神经标记来为社会脆弱性的原因和后果提供研究。我们测试了一种将家庭冲突与社会行为和心理症状联系起来的理论模型，该模型在青春期后期（17-19岁）的各种年轻人样本中，其暴露于家庭冲突中，作为八年，五波五波纵向研究的一部分。我们特别关注与社会排斥反应性的神经相关性，这是我们标记社会排斥反应性（SER）的一种结构。 We will introduce participants to two functional neuroimaging (fMRI) tasks designed to assess neural SER (NSER): the Cyber​​ball paradigm (Williams & Jarvis, 2006), a computer game that elicits feelings of social exclusion, and the Social Pain Task (Immordino-Yang, McColI, Damasio and Damasio, in press), in which youth are presented with vignettes showing others being socially excluded or被拒绝。两项神经影像学任务都与与痛苦和疼痛处理有关的大脑区域的激活增加有关。我们预计，过去暴露于家庭冲突的年轻人在这些“困扰”领域表现出更大的激活，并通过招募前额叶皮层的领域来降低控制困扰的能力，这些区域已被证明有助于降低以前的研究中的社会困扰。我们还期望SER的这些神经相关性与年轻人的心理症状以及他们的日常社会行为有关，如14天的每日日记研究中所衡量的那样。通过将这两个神经成像协议与来自多个记者的家庭冲突以及有关青少年现实生活中社交互动的生态有效数据的纵向数据整合在一起，建议的项目应为在关键发展阶段的社会功能方面提供前所未有的观点。 公共卫生相关性：冲突家庭环境和缺乏社会融合都与整个生命周期的心理和身体健康风险增加有关。在非意识认知和情感处理水平上确定年轻人社会脆弱性的标志的研究可以告知人们对与社会功能有关的心理疾病的理解以及针对面临风险的青年的干预措施的发展。重要的是，在从青春期到成年期的过渡期间，经常形成持久的关系，而心理症状可能开始出现，保证在生命的这个阶段关注社会困难。