Developmental Phonological Disorders

发育性语音障碍

• 批准号: 7227451
• 负责人: LAWRENCE D SHRIBERG
• 金额: $ 60.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-07-01 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7227451
• 关键词: 6 year old; 9 year old; Accounting; Achievement; Acoustics; Address; Age; Age-Years; Back; Behavioral; Child; Childhood; Class; Classification; Clinic; Clinical; Communication impairment; Data; Databases; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disease; Distal; Family member; Genetic; Goals; Health Resources; Hearing; High Prevalence; Inherited; Methods; Molecular Genetics; Motor; Nuclear; Otitis Media; Otitis Media with Effusion; Performance; Personal Satisfaction; Phase; Phenotype; Predictive Value; Process; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Recurrence; Research; Research Personnel; Review Literature; Risk Factors; Sampling; Self Concept; Sensitivity and Specificity; Series; Siblings; Speech; Speech Delay; Speech Disorders; Speech Intelligibility; Speech Sound; Stress; Subgroup; System; Targeted Research; Testing; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; affection; base; diagnostic accuracy; hearing impairment; improved; lexical; literacy; motor impairment; peer; phonology; proband; programs; sound; trait; transmission process; validation studies

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Speech delay of unknown origin (SD) (Shriberg, 1980) is a risk factor for a child's literacy achievement, positive self-concept, peer acceptance, and vocational choices. The high prevalence of SD (3.8% at 6 years of age; Shriberg, Tomblin, & McSweeny, 1999) places it among the most frequently occurring childhood disorders requiring public health resources for research and long-term treatment. The present research program has developed an etiological classification system for SD that proposes to explicate the distal causes for over 90% of children referred for treatment (Shriberg & Kwiatkowski, 1994). Specific aims for the next period of study are to cross-validate the accuracy of phenotype and diagnostic markers for each of three subtypes of SD and to describe associated speech acquisition processes. Seven large, demographically diverse databases will be used to complete six study series including data from over 2,200 children with SD. Project I: Speech-Genetics Studies. Approximately 60% of children with SD are posited to have a genetic subtype inherited as a quantitative (i.e., non-Mendelian) trait. Study Series 1 and 2 will cross-validate two perceptual and two acoustic phenotype markers for probands and family members. Study Series 3 will cross-validate prior familial aggregation findings, and Study Series 4 will explicate short-term and long-term normalization processes in this subtype of SD. Project Ih Speech-Otitis Media Studies. Approximately 30% of children with SD are posited to have histories of fluctuant hearing loss associated with recurrent otitis media with effusion. Research indicates that this proposed etiological subtype of SD is clinically under-diagnosed (i.e., false negatives). Study Series 5 will cross-validate a perceptual and an acoustic diagnostic marker for this subtype of SD. Project IIh Speech-Apraxia Studies. Approximately 1-2 children per 1000 are posited to have a subtype of SD that reflects the speech motor constraints associated with a disorder of speech praxis. Research indicates that this proposed etiological subtype of SD is clinically over-diagnosed (i.e., false positives). Study Series 6 will cross-validate two acoustic diagnostic markers for this subtype of SD.

描述（由申请人提供）：原因不明的言语延迟（SD）（Shriberg，1980）是儿童读写能力、积极自我概念、同伴接受度和职业选择的风险因素。 SD 的高患病率（6 岁时为 3.8%；Shriberg、Tomblin 和 McSweeny，1999）使其成为最常见的儿童疾病之一，需要公共卫生资源进行研究和长期治疗。目前的研究计划已经开发了 SD 病因学分类系统，旨在解释 90% 以上转诊儿童的远端原因（Shriberg & Kwiatkowski，1994）。下一阶段研究的具体目标是交叉验证 SD 三种亚型的表型和诊断标记的准确性，并描述相关的语音采集过程。将使用七个大型、人口多样化的数据库来完成六个研究系列，其中包括来自 2,200 多名 SD 儿童的数据。项目一：言语遗传学研究。大约 60% 的 SD 儿童被认为具有作为数量（即非孟德尔）性状遗传的遗传亚型。研究系列 1 和 2 将交叉验证先证者和家庭成员的两个感知和两个声学表型标记。系列研究 3 将交叉验证先前的家族聚集研究结果，系列研究 4 将阐明这种 SD 亚型的短期和长期正常化过程。 Ih 言语中耳炎研究项目。大约 30% 的 SD 儿童被认为有与复发性渗出性中耳炎相关的波动性听力损失史。研究表明，这种提出的 SD 病因亚型在临床上诊断不足（即假阴性）。研究系列 5 将交叉验证这种 SD 亚型的感知和声学诊断标记。 IIh 项目言语失用症研究。大约每 1000 人中有 1-2 名儿童被认为患有 SD 亚型，反映了与言语练习障碍相关的言语运动限制。研究表明，这种提出的 SD 病因亚型在临床上被过度诊断（即假阳性）。研究系列 6 将交叉验证该 SD 亚型的两个声学诊断标记。