Pets and the Infant's Microbiome Exposures: Impac on Childhood Allergic Asthma

宠物和婴儿的微生物组暴露：对儿童过敏性哮喘的影响

基本信息

批准号：
9088338
负责人：
Christine C Johnson
金额：
$ 23.2万
依托单位：
HENRY FORD HEALTH SYSTEM
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-07-01 至 2019-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9088338
关键词：
2 year old 9 year old Accounting Address Adopted Affect Age Age-Months Allergens Allergic Allergic Disease Animals Asthma Bacteria Behavior Biological Birth Canis familiaris Cells Characteristics Child Childhood Childhood Asthma Clinical Cohort Studies Communities Data Data Collection Development Disease Dust Ecology Environment Environmental Exposure Epidemiologic Studies Epidemiologist Equilibrium Exhibits Exposure to Extrinsic asthma Failure Family Feces Felis catus Gastrointestinal tract structure Home environment House Dust Household Housing Human Hypersensitivity IgE Immune Immune response Immune system Immunoglobulins Infant Infant Development Inflammatory Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Instruction Life Life Style Livestock Measures Mus Obesity Organism Outcome Outcome Measure Ownership Pattern Pharmaceutical Preparations Play Population Heterogeneity Program Research Project Grants Questionnaires Regulation Research Research Design Research Personnel Risk Sampling Societies Soil Stimulus Supplementation Taxon Testing Work atopy cohort cost critical period early life exposure ethnic diversity experience gastrointestinal gut microbiome immune function infancy interest microbial microbial community microbiome microbiota multidisciplinary new technology pet animal population based protective effect public health intervention residence response success theories

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY (See instructions): The overall objective of Project 4 is to assess the relationship between exposure to pets, the infant home and gut microbiomes, and allergic asthma at 9 years of age, using an ethnically diverse, population-based general risk birth cohort (the WHEALS cohort). A premise with growing evidence is that lack of exposure to particular patterns of microbial stimuli during early infancy results in a heightened T-helper (Th) 2 response in the maturing immune system, likely due to a suboptimal regulatory capacity, which in turn is associated in childhood with increased immunoglobulin(lg)E, allergy, and clinical allergic conditions such as asthma. Epidemiological studies have revealed that atopic conditions have increased over the latter half of the twentieth century. Humans in earlier centuries had lifestyles associated with closer direct contact with soil, animals and other humans, suggesting exposure to environments with richer and more diverse microbiological burdens. We hypothesize that evolutionary adaptation to such microbial exposures with respect to immune recognition and regulation may result in untoward consequences when humans are presented with the different, and probably more limited, patterns of microbial exposures found in modern Westernized societies. Our theory is that in many settings, pets, as well as farm animals in close proximity, render the home microbiome, or bacterial community composition (BCC,) to be more similar to early 20th century environments with respect to an increased bacterial richness, diversity and a more even distribution of taxa. This home microbiome impacts directly through effects on the infant gastrointestinal tract BCC the immunogenesis of the infant and subsequently the development of clinically important outcomes such as childhood atopic asthma. Using a new technology (the G3 PhyloChipj, capable of cost-effectively identifying, to a great depth, bacteria in environmental and biological samples, our collaborative team has preliminary data suggesting that the presence of dogs and cats is associated with distinct home and infant gut microbiomes characterized by dramatic increases in bacterial diversity, richness and evenness. Using newly measured outcome variables measured by questionnaire and clinical examinations in the WHEALS cohort, in conjunction with PhyloChip analyses of stored infant stool and dust samples, we will test whether distinct patterns of pet exposure, home microbiome and infant gut microbiome are associated with current allergic asthma at age 9 years.

项目摘要（参见说明）：项目 4 的总体目标是使用种族多样化、基于人群的一般风险出生队列（WHEALS 队列）来评估接触宠物、婴儿家庭和肠道微生物组以及 9 岁时过敏性哮喘之间的关系。越来越多证据的前提是，婴儿早期缺乏特定模式的微生物刺激会导致成熟免疫系统中 T 辅助细胞 (Th) 2 反应增强，这可能是由于调节能力欠佳，而这又与儿童期免疫球蛋白 (lg)E 升高、过敏和哮喘等临床过敏性疾病。流行病学研究表明，特应性病症在二十世纪下半叶有所增加。早期几个世纪的人类生活方式与土壤、动物和其他人类有更密切的直接接触，这表明人们暴露在微生物负担更丰富、更多样化的环境中。我们假设，当人类面临现代西方社会中不同的、可能更有限的微生物暴露模式时，在免疫识别和调节方面对这种微生物暴露的进化适应可能会导致不良后果。我们的理论是，在许多环境中，宠物以及近距离的农场动物使家庭微生物组或细菌群落组成 (BCC) 在细菌丰富度和多样性方面更加类似于 20 世纪初的环境以及更均匀的类群分布。这种家庭微生物群通过对婴儿胃肠道 BCC 的影响直接影响婴儿的免疫发生，并随后影响儿童特应性哮喘等临床重要结果的发展。使用新技术（G3 PhyloChipj，能够经济有效地深入识别环境和生物样本中的细菌，我们的合作团队获得的初步数据表明，狗和猫的存在与不同的家庭和婴儿肠道有关以细菌多样性、丰富度和均匀度急剧增加为特征的微生物组，利用通过问卷调查和 WHEALS 队列临床检查测量的新测量结果变量，结合对存储的婴儿粪便和灰尘样本的 PhyloChip 分析，我们将测试是否有不同的模式。接触宠物、家庭微生物组和婴儿肠道微生物组与 9 岁时当前的过敏性哮喘有关。