The effects of polyparasitism on vaccine response

多寄生对疫苗反应的影响

基本信息

批准号：
8066748
负责人：
Angelle Desiree LaBeaud
金额：
$ 8.02万
依托单位：
CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-05-01 至 2013-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8066748
关键词：
Affect Area Child Childhood Chronic Cold Chains Collaborations Commit Communicable Diseases Communities Complex Data Developing Countries Diphtheria Disease Effectiveness Equilibrium Evaluation Exposure to Falciparum Malaria Fetus Filariasis Future Goals Grant Haemophilus influenzae Haemophilus influenzae type b bacteria Health Helminths Immune Immune response Immunity Individual Infant Infection Intestines Kenya Life Malaria Measures Mediating Mothers Organism Parasites Parasitic infection Parents Perinatal Exposure Phenotype Pilot Projects Placenta Play Poliomyelitis Pregnant Women Program Effectiveness Prospective Studies Recruitment Activity Research Infrastructure Resources Role Schistosomiasis Structure T cell response Testing Universities Vaccination Vaccines Vector-transmitted infectious disease Woman cohort cost effective fetal improved infancy novel strategies offspring postnatal pregnant prenatal prevent programs prospective response standard care vaccination strategy vaccine effectiveness vaccine efficacy

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Extensive resources are being committed to improve global childhood vaccination coverage, but the response to standard vaccination is often diminished in children from developing nations. The ineffectiveness of vaccination programs in developing communities has been blamed on cold chain lapses and lack of supportable infrastructure, but chronic infections also play a significant role. Multiple maternal parasitic infections affect the unborn infant and are potentially important vaccine response modifiers, but have not been well studied. Increasing evidence suggests that chronic parasitic infections in pregnant women, such as schistosomiasis, filariasis, intestinal helminths, and malaria, can suppress fetal and infant immune responses to subsequent infections and vaccinations. The mechanisms of parasite effects on immune responses are not well understood, although the lack of appropriate vaccine response in infants of parasite-infected mothers appears to be due to dysregulation of maternal immunity, with resultant impaired fetal immunity. The central hypothesis to be tested is that treatment of maternal and infant parasitic infections will enhance infant responses to vaccination. We propose a prospective study of pregnant Kenyan woman and their offspring to evaluate the effects of parasitic infections and prompt anti-parasitic treatment on infant vaccine responses to polio, Haemophilus influenzae, and diphtheria. We propose the following specific aims: 1) to determine the individual and combined influence of maternal parasitic infections on infant vaccine responses, and 2) to measure the impact of maternal and infant anti-parasitic treatment on infant vaccine responses. The long term goals of this project are to determine the value of specific antenatal and postnatal parasitic treatments and to develop novel approaches to optimizing vaccine program effectiveness.

描述（由申请人提供）：广泛的资源正在致力于改善全球儿童疫苗接种覆盖范围，但是发展中国家的儿童通常会减少对标准疫苗接种的反应。疫苗接种计划在发展中的社区中的无效性被归咎于冷链失误和缺乏支持的基础设施，但慢性感染也起着重要作用。多种母体寄生虫感染会影响未出生的婴儿，并且是潜在的重要疫苗反应修饰剂，但尚未得到很好的研究。越来越多的证据表明，孕妇的慢性寄生虫感染，例如血吸虫病，丝虫病，肠蠕虫和疟疾，可以抑制胎儿和婴儿对随后的感染和疫苗接种的免疫反应。寄生虫对免疫反应的影响的机制尚不清楚，尽管寄生虫感染母亲的婴儿缺乏适当的疫苗反应似乎是由于孕产妇免疫的失调，导致胎儿免疫受损。要测试的中心假设是，母体和婴儿寄生虫感染的治疗将增强婴儿对疫苗接种的反应。我们提出了一项对怀孕的肯尼亚妇女及其后代的前瞻性研究，以评估寄生虫感染的影响，并促使抗寄生虫治疗对婴儿疫苗对小儿麻痹症，流感嗜血杆菌和白喉的反应。我们提出以下具体目的：1）确定母体寄生虫感染对婴儿疫苗反应的个体和综合影响，以及2）测量产妇和婴儿抗寄生虫治疗对婴儿疫苗反应的影响。该项目的长期目标是确定特定的产后和产后寄生虫治疗的价值，并开发出优化疫苗计划有效性的新方法。