SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES EXPOSURE IN HUMANS IN RURAL CAMEROON

喀麦隆农村地区人类接触猿猴免疫缺陷病毒的情况

• 批准号: 8172971
• 负责人: CRISTIAN APETREI
• 金额: $ 6.18万
• 依托单位: TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2011-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8172971
• 关键词: Biological Assay; Cameroon; Central Africa; Computer Retrieval of Information on Scientific Projects Database; Event; Funding; Grant; HIV; HIV-1; Human; Immunoblotting; Individual; Infection; Institution; Pan Genus; Peptides; Plasma Cells; Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Rural; SIV; Sampling; Screening procedure; Source; Syringes; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; Virus; pandemic disease; transmission process

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. HIV-1 infection emerged in Central Africa 50/60 years ago from a simian source (SIVcpz from chimpanzees). At least 4 cross-species transmission events have occurred, generating groups M, N, O and P. All 4 HIV-1 groups co-circulate in Cameroon. The mechanism of HIV emergence is unknown. We have investigated the evidence of SIV infections in samples collected from humans in rural Cameroon. Plasma, cells, and matched syringe washes were collected from 1536 individuals and tested by Determine (Abbott,) rapid test and Inno-Lia Immunoblot (Innogenetics) as screening tests. All the samples showing reactivities in InnoLia were retested in an SIV specific peptide assay which contains both gp41 and V3 peptides. Our results confirmed that HIV-1 group M is the main viral form in Cameroon. We have identified HIV-1 group O in less than 5% of samples. Interestingly 3% of the tested samples, while negative by determine and indeterminate by InnoLia showed anti-SIV reactivities. These samples reacted with SIVcpz, SIVrcm and SIVmnd-2 peptides. None of these samples were positive by PCR suggesting the clearance of SIV infection after cross-species transmission. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that cross-species transmission of SIV to humans may occur in the epicenters of HIV pandemic. However, as suggested by our results, direct cross-species transmitted viruses appear to be cleared by the human host.

该子项目是利用该技术的众多研究子项目之一 资源由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目及 研究者 (PI) 可能已从 NIH 的另一个来源获得主要资金， 因此可以在其他 CRISP 条目中表示。列出的机构是 对于中心来说，它不一定是研究者的机构。 HIV-1 感染于 50/60 年前在中非出现，源自猿猴（来自黑猩猩的 SIVcpz）。至少发生了 4 起跨物种传播事件，产生了 M、N、O 和 P 组。所有 4 个 HIV-1 组在喀麦隆共同传播。 HIV 出现的机制尚不清楚。我们调查了喀麦隆农村地区人类样本中 SIV 感染的证据。从 1536 名个体中收集血浆、细胞和匹配的注射器清洗液，并通过 Define (Abbott) 快速测试和 Inno-Lia 免疫印迹 (Innogenics) 作为筛选测试进行测试。所有在 InnoLia 中表现出反应性的样品都在 SIV 特异性肽测定中进行了重新测试，其中包含 gp41 和 V3 肽。我们的结果证实，M 组 HIV-1 是喀麦隆的主要病毒形式。我们在不到 5% 的样本中发现了 HIV-1 O 组。有趣的是，3% 的测试样品（通过 InnoLia 确定为阴性，通过 InnoLia 确定为不确定）显示出抗 SIV 反应性。这些样品与 SIVcpz、SIVrcm 和 SIVmnd-2 肽发生反应。 PCR 检测结果显示，这些样本均未呈阳性，表明 SIV 感染在跨物种传播后已被清除。总之，我们已经证明，SIV 向人类的跨物种传播可能发生在 HIV 大流行的中心。然而，正如我们的结果所表明的那样，直接跨物种传播的病毒似乎被人类宿主清除了。