Diversity, identity and ecological role of a novel fungal super clade

新型真菌超级进化枝的多样性、同一性和生态作用

基本信息

批准号：
NE/F011709/1
负责人：
Thomas Richards
金额：
$ 15.06万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF EXETER
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FF011709%2F1
关键词：
Diversity identity ecological role novel

项目摘要

A large proportion of the diversity of life is microbial. Microbes are important components of every ecosystem and natural environment on Earth, yet our understanding of microbial diversity and ecological roles is still in its infancy. In the last 15 years, molecular methods have been used which target the DNA of all microbes present in a particular environment. These methods enable the capture of sub-sections of each microbial genome for use as an identifying code. We can then use these fragments of DNA code to identify most of the organisms present in any environment. This approach has massively expanded our appreciation of the diversity of life on Earth. Such approaches have revealed a diverse and mysterious group of organisms present in a range of aquatic environments that appear to be entirely novel and previously uninvestigated. Analyses suggest that one such diverse group could be related to the Fungi. The Fungi include the well-known mushrooms and yeasts but also a massive range of microbes responsible for recycling biomass in many ecosystems. Given the diversity and extensive distribution of this microbial group in aquatic environments around the globe it is likely that the group represents an important part of the microbial community. In addition, this group has a very novel position in the tree of life with respect to known fungal microbes. Therefore a greater appreciation of their biology will provide important data for understanding the evolutionary diversification of the fungal kingdom and their close relatives the animals. We plan to use specific probes with fluorescence to identify, describe and investigate the ecological role of this novel group from a range of environmental samples. This approach will enable us to observe the nature of these microbial cells and their abundance and role within different habitat types.

生命多样性的很大一部分是微生物。微生物是地球上每个生态系统和自然环境的重要组成部分，但我们对微生物多样性和生态作用的理解仍处于起步阶段。在过去 15 年中，分子方法已被用于针对特定环境中存在的所有微生物的 DNA。这些方法能够捕获每个微生物基因组的子部分，用作识别代码。然后我们可以使用这些 DNA 代码片段来识别任何环境中存在的大多数生物体。这种方法极大地扩展了我们对地球生命多样性的认识。这些方法揭示了一系列水生环境中存在的多样化且神秘的生物体，这些生物体似乎是全新的且以前未经调查的。分析表明，这样一个多样化的群体可能与真菌有关。真菌包括众所周知的蘑菇和酵母，但也包括大量负责在许多生态系统中回收生物质的微生物。鉴于该微生物群在全球水生环境中的多样性和广泛分布，该群很可能代表微生物群落的重要组成部分。此外，相对于已知的真菌微生物，该群体在生命树中具有非常新颖的位置。因此，对其生物学的进一步了解将为了解真菌界及其近亲动物的进化多样化提供重要数据。我们计划使用带有荧光的特定探针来从一系列环境样本中识别、描述和研究这个新群体的生态作用。这种方法将使我们能够观察这些微生物细胞的性质及其丰度和在不同栖息地类型中的作用。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（10）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

A role for fungi as parasites in the black box of marine trophic interactions.

真菌作为寄生虫在海洋营养相互作用黑匣子中的作用。

DOI：
10.1111/1758-2229.12398
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
Environmental microbiology reports
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Richards TA
通讯作者：
Richards TA

Molecular diversity and distribution of marine fungi across 130 European environmental samples.

DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2015.2243
发表时间：
2015-11-22
期刊：
Proceedings. Biological sciences
影响因子：
0
作者：
Richards TA;Leonard G;Mahé F;Del Campo J;Romac S;Jones MD;Maguire F;Dunthorn M;De Vargas C;Massana R;Chambouvet A
通讯作者：
Chambouvet A

Validation and justification of the phylum name Cryptomycota phyl. nov.