Eating Behaviors Among Weight-Discordant Siblings

体重不一致的兄弟姐妹的饮食行为

• 批准号: 8055371
• 负责人: Tanja V.E. Kral
• 金额: $ 14.16万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8055371
• 关键词: Anthropometry; Area; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Beverages; Biometry; Body Composition; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Data; Dietary intake; Doctor of Philosophy; Eating; Eating Behavior; Educational workshop; Energy Intake; Exhibits; Family; Fatty acid glycerol esters; Feeding behaviors; Financial compensation; Genetic; Goals; Home environment; Household; Institution; Intake; Life; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Obesity; Overweight; Pattern; Phenotype; Philadelphia; Recruitment Activity; Research; Research Institute; Research Support; Research Training; Risk; Series; Siblings; Site; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Variant; Weight; age difference; base; boys; design; eating in absence of hunger; energy density; girls; interest; obesity in children; programs; research study; sex; skills; trait

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This application is for a "Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01)." The candidate, Tanja V.E. Kral, Ph.D., has a programmatic interest in studying behavioral traits associated with childhood obesity. The proposed research will be conducted within the broader context of a comprehensive training program which will be facilitated by an expert team of mentors. Dr. Kral's specific training goals are to receive training in 1) the conduct of experimental studies of eating behavior in children, 2) behavior genetics, 3) assessment of child body composition using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and anthropometry, and 4) child development and biostatistics. Leading research institutes, in and out of the home institution, will serve as training sites for the candidate. We propose a discordant sibling design to compare putative obesity-promoting eating traits among siblings, 5-10 years, who are raised in the same household, but are discordant for weight status (non- overweight: BMI less or equal 75th percentile; at-risk for overweight/overweight: BMI greater or equal 85th percentile). Forty pairs of same-sex siblings (boys and girls) will be recruited from the greater Philadelphia area to participate in a 4-week study during which their eating behaviors will be assessed experimentally and under free-living conditions. The study tests the hypotheses that at-risk for overweight/overweight, compared to non-overweight, children exhibit 1) a weaker ability to compensate for energy, 2) a greater vulnerability towards eating in the absence of hunger, and 3) habitual intake patterns that favor increased dietary energy density (kcal/g), increased %energy derived from fat and caloric beverages, and fewer eating episodes. The use of a behavior genetic design to study eating phenotypes among siblings is a unique approach to elucidate shared and non-shared environmental influences that can contribute to variations in weight status during childhood. The proposed research has the potential to elucidate mechanisms by which environmental and genetic factors interact to promote increased energy intake among children. Together, the training and research plan will provide 5 years of critical mentored support to the candidate. The acquired skills and data will build the basis for the commencement of an independent R01 supported research program.

描述（由申请人提供）： 此申请适用于“指导研究科学家发展奖（K01）”。候选人 Tanja V.E. Kral 博士对研究与儿童肥胖相关的行为特征有着浓厚的兴趣。拟议的研究将在更广泛的综合培训计划的背景下进行，该计划将由导师专家团队协助。 Kral 博士的具体培训目标是接受以下方面的培训：1) 进行儿童饮食行为的实验研究，2) 行为遗传学，3) 使用双能 X 射线吸收测量法 (DEXA) 和人体测量学评估儿童身体成分，以及4）儿童发展和生物统计学。所在机构内外的领先研究机构将作为候选人的培训场所。我们提出了一种不一致的兄弟姐妹设计，以比较 5-10 岁的兄弟姐妹之间假定的促进肥胖的饮食特征，这些兄弟姐妹在同一家庭中长大，但体重状况不一致（非超重：BMI 小于或等于第 75 个百分位；在-超重/超重的风险：BMI 大于或等于第 85 个百分位）。将从大费城地区招募四十对同性兄弟姐妹（男孩和女孩）参加一项为期 4 周的研究，在此期间将在自由生活条件下对他们的饮食行为进行实验评估。该研究测试了以下假设：与非超重儿童相比，有超重/超重风险的儿童表现出 1) 能量补偿能力较弱，2) 在没有饥饿的情况下更容易进食，3) 习惯性摄入有利于增加膳食能量密度（千卡/克）、增加来自脂肪和热量饮料的能量百分比以及减少进食次数的模式。使用行为遗传设计来研究兄弟姐妹之间的饮食表型是一种独特的方法，可以阐明可能导致儿童时期体重状况变化的共享和非共享环境影响。拟议的研究有可能阐明环境和遗传因素相互作用促进儿童能量摄入增加的机制。培训和研究计划将为候选人提供 5 年的关键指导支持。获得的技能和数据将为启动独立的 R01 支持的研究计划奠定基础。