Early detection of prostate cancer in urine

尿液中前列腺癌的早期检测

基本信息

批准号：
7911286
负责人：
HAFIZ AHMED
金额：
$ 14.53万
依托单位：
NEW HORIZONS DIAGNOSTICS CORPORATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-07-06 至 2011-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7911286
关键词：
Accounting Alleles American Joint Committee on Cancer Antibiotic Therapy Bacteriophages Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy Biological Biological Assay Biological Markers Biopsy Cancer Etiology Cancer Patient Cessation of life Collection CpG Islands Cytosine DNA Decontamination Detection Development Diagnosis Diagnostic Diagnostic Neoplasm Staging Digital Rectal Examination Disease Early Diagnosis Figs - dietary Fluorescence Food Funding Galectin 3 Gene Expression Genes Glutathione S-Transferase Goals Gold Colloid Grant Human Hypermethylation Inflammation Lead Legal patent Liquid substance LytA enzyme Malignant Neoplasms Malignant neoplasm of prostate Methods Methylation Military Personnel Monitoring for Recurrence Newly Diagnosed Office Management Oncogenes Outcome Patients Phase Principal Investigator Prostate Prostate-Specific Antigen Protein Family RARB gene Research Project Grants Sampling Screening for Prostate Cancer Screening for cancer Screening procedure Sensitivity and Specificity Serum Serum Markers Site Specificity Specimen Staging System Technology Telomerase Test Result Testing Therapeutic Tissues Tumor Suppressor Genes Tumor Tissue United States Urine Ursidae Family base bisulfite blind cancer diagnosis cohort design effective therapy emergency service responder galactose-binding protein improved luminescence member men new technology phase 1 study phase 2 study prognostic programs promoter public health relevance rapid detection successful intervention tool tumor tumor progression

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men, and the second leading cause of cancer death. However, when prostate cancer is diagnosed in its early stages, it can be effectively treated and cured. Combined with the digital rectal examination, the prostate specific antigen (PSA) test has been widely used to detect prostate cancer in its early stages. An elevated PSA level may be an indication of prostate cancer. However, various conditions such as enlargement or inflammation of prostate can cause elevated levels of PSA. Conversely, PSA levels may be normal despite the presence of prostate cancer. Thus, the PSA screening method for early detection of prostate cancer is not suitable due to highly prevalent false positive and negative PSA test results. Therefore, a reliable marker for early detection of prostate cancer is urgently needed. Transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor gene expression due to hypermethylation of the gene promoters is believed to contribute to the neoplastic progression. Thus, methylated DNAs can serve as biomarkers for early detection of cancer. But, the methylation of most genes correlates positively with tumor grade and stage and thus the detection of these methylated DNAs is not necessarily suitable to identify prostate cancer at early stages, especially at stages I and II (the critical stages for effective treatment and cure). A prostate cancer gene (PCG) has recently been found to be heavily methylated in stages I and II tumor compared to the normal and later stages of tumor tissues. The methylation in the PCG allows development of PCR-based sensitive and specific tools that clearly identify the early stages of prostate cancer in tissues as well as in biological fluids such as serum and urine. The goal of the proposed studies is to establish 'proof of concept' using a large number of urine specimens. Results from these studies in combination with PSA test result will lead to the development of a non-invasive diagnostic tool not only for early detection, but also for therapeutic guidance and recurrence monitoring of prostate cancer in urine. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE Patients with prostate cancer can be effectively treated and cured, when diagnosed in early stages (i.e. the stages when the cancer is still confined to the prostate gland). The objective of this project is to develop a non-invasive, sensitive and specific method that clearly identifies the early stages of prostate cancer in urine.

描述（由申请人提供）：前列腺癌是男性第二大常见癌症，也是癌症死亡的第二大原因。然而，当前列腺癌在早期被诊断出来时，它是可以得到有效治疗和治愈的。与直肠指检相结合，前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）检测已广泛用于早期发现前列腺癌。 PSA 水平升高可能是前列腺癌的征兆。然而，前列腺肥大或炎症等多种情况都可能导致 PSA 水平升高。相反，尽管存在前列腺癌，PSA 水平也可能正常。因此，由于PSA检测结果假阳性和阴性的现象非常普遍，用于早期检测前列腺癌的PSA筛查方法并不适合。因此，迫切需要一种可靠的前列腺癌早期检测标志物。由于基因启动子的高甲基化而导致的肿瘤抑制基因表达的转录沉默被认为有助于肿瘤进展。因此，甲基化DNA可以作为癌症早期检测的生物标志物。但是，大多数基因的甲基化与肿瘤的分级和分期呈正相关，因此检测这些甲基化DNA不一定适合早期识别前列腺癌，尤其是在I期和II期（有效治疗和治愈的关键阶段）。最近发现，与正常和晚期肿瘤组织相比，前列腺癌基因（PCG）在 I 期和 II 期肿瘤中高度甲基化。 PCG 中的甲基化允许开发基于 PCR 的敏感且特异的工具，这些工具可以清楚地识别组织以及血清和尿液等生物体液中前列腺癌的早期阶段。拟议研究的目标是使用大量尿液样本建立“概念验证”。这些研究结果与 PSA 检测结果相结合，将导致非侵入性诊断工具的开发，不仅可用于早期检测，还可用于尿液中前列腺癌的治疗指导和复发监测。公共卫生相关性如果在早期（即癌症仍局限于前列腺的阶段）得到诊断，前列腺癌患者可以得到有效治疗和治愈。该项目的目标是开发一种非侵入性、灵敏且特异的方法，可以清楚地识别尿液中前列腺癌的早期阶段。