Error Detection and Error Awareness in Incarcerated Cocaine Dependent Individuals

被监禁的可卡因依赖者的错误检测和错误意识

• 批准号: 7455354
• 负责人: Matthew Shane
• 金额: $ 23.8万
• 依托单位: THE MIND RESEARCH NETWORK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-15 至 2010-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7455354
• 关键词: Anterior; Arts; Attenuated; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Characteristics; Chronic; Clinical Research; Cocaine; Cognitive; Commit; Conflict (Psychology); Conscious; Crime; Data; Dependency; Detection; Development; Drug Addiction; Drug usage; Electrophysiology (science); Event-Related Potentials; Feedback; Ferns; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Image; Impairment; Individual; Institutes; Investigation; Lead; Learning; Life; Linear Regressions; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Methods; Mind; Monitor; Nature; Neurocognitive; New Mexico; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Participant; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Process; Protocols documentation; Rate; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Scanning; Score; Severities; Signal Transduction; System; Techniques; Time; Undifferentiated; Work; behavior measurement; desire; drug abuser; experience; hemodynamics; indexing; insight; neural circuit; neuroimaging; novel; relating to nervous system; response; tool

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Real-world experience and clinical research converge in demonstrating that substance-dependent individuals will continue to use drugs despite an often strong desire to cease taking drugs. This suggests that a cardinal characteristic of dependency is reduced ability to inhibit dysfunctional action patterns despite clear evidence of their maladaptivity (Paulus et al., 2002). A growing body of behavioral, cognitive, electrophysiological and neuroimaging work suggests that cocaine-dependent individuals evidence core insensitivity to internally- and externally-generated signals of error. This insensitivity may reduce the ability to guide adaptive behavioral regulation, and may promote increased perseveration on dysfunctional action patterns, including repetitive drug-taking behavior and comorbid criminality. Despite this growing body of work, the nature of these error- monitoring deficits remains largely undifferentiated, however. Error-monitoring is composed of at least two potentially independent processes: an automatic error detection system that monitors for errors in goal-directed behavior and a less automatic system related to the conscious representation of that error. The majority of work evaluating error-monitoring in substance-dependent populations has focused on error-detection, and has reported consistent impairment. Little is currently understood regarding the state of subjective error-awareness in cocaine-dependent populations, however, which precludes firm conclusions regarding the underlying nature of these error-monitoring deficits. Recent developments have identified methods of systematically interrogating indices of error-detection and error-awareness, respectively. The present proposal seeks to use multi-modal imaging (ERP/fMRI) to characterize the integrity of neural circuits engaged in automatic and conscious components of error monitoring in incarcerated cocaine-dependent individuals. To this end, the MIND Institute has recently acquired a state-of-the-art mobile MRI scanner, currently deployed at the Western New Mexico Correctional Facility. In the last two months, we have completed 235 scanning sessions within this facility, and feel that the mobile scanner presents an unprecedented opportunity to examine the neurocognitive systems implicated in error- monitoring within incarcerated populations. Here we propose to utilize high-resolution electrophysiology and functional magntetic resonance imaging to assess the integrity of error-monitoring systems within 15 incarcerated cocaine-dependent individuals, 15 matched incarcerated non-dependent individuals, and 15 matched non-incarcerated healthy controls. We hypothesize that incarcerated cocaine-dependent individuals will show reduced error awareness, and that this impairment will predict relevant outcome measures including drug-use severity and level of comorbid criminal activity. Our goal is to use the I/START mechanism to provide support for a protocol we anticipate serving as pilot data for a larger, more comprehensive research endeavor focused on neurocognitive influences on error-monitoring integrity in cocaine-dependent individuals. The chronic and repetative nature of drug-addiction suggests that drug-dependent individuals may have difficulty identifying, and learning from, their maladaptive behavioral patterns. These learning deficits may arise from core impairment in processes underlying the identification and monitoring of errors in goal-directed behavior, and may lead to continued drug use, and recidivistic criminal tendencies. The present study will collect electrophysiological (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from incarcerated cocaine-dependent individals in order to better characterize the nature of these error-monitoring deficits. The results of this work will aid delineation of mechanisms of dependency and comorbid criminality, and will provide increased insight into treatments capable of targeting those cognitive capacities damaged in drug-dependent populations.

描述（由申请人提供）：现实世界的经验和临床研究汇聚在证明尽管依赖物质的人将继续使用药物，尽管通常渴望停止服用药物。这表明依赖性的基本特征降低了抑制功能失调的作用模式的能力，尽管有明确的证据表明其适应不良（Paulus等，2002）。越来越多的行为，认知，电生理和神经影像学工作表明，可卡因依赖的个体证明了对内部和外部生成的错误信号的核心不敏感性。这种不敏感的能力可能会降低指导自适应行为调节的能力，并可能促进对功能失调的作用模式的持久性，包括重复的吸毒行为和合并症。尽管工作越来越大，但这些错误监测缺陷的性质仍然很大程度上没有分化。错误监控由至少两个潜在的独立过程组成：一个自动错误检测系统，该系统可监视目标指导行为的错误以及与该错误的有意识表示相关的较少自动系统。评估依赖物质依赖性人群中错误监控的大多数工作集中在错误检测上，并报告了一致的损害。目前，关于可卡因依赖性人群中主观错误意识的状态的了解很少，但是，这排除了有关这些错误监测障碍的基本性质的公司结论。最近的发展已经确定了分别系统地询问错误检测和错误意识指标的方法。本提案旨在使用多模式成像（ERP/fMRI）来表征参与被监禁可卡因依赖性个体中错误监测的自动和有意识组件的神经回路的完整性。为此，Mind Institute最近收购了目前在新墨西哥州西部惩教所部署的最先进的移动MRI扫描仪。在过去的两个月中，我们在此设施中完成了235次扫描会议，并认为移动扫描仪为检查涉及被囚禁人群中错误监测的神经认知系统提供了前所未有的机会。在这里，我们建议利用高分辨率的电生理学和功能启动共振成像来评估15个被监禁的可卡因依赖性个体，15个匹配的监禁非依赖性个体和15个匹配的非审判的非脑剂健康对照组中错误监测系统的完整性。我们假设被监禁的可卡因依赖人将表现出降低的错误意识，并且这种障碍将预测相关的结果指标，包括药物使用严重程度和合并症的犯罪活动水平。我们的目标是使用I/起始机制为我们预期的协议提供支持，以作为试点数据的较大，更全面的研究努力，重点是神经认知对可卡因依赖性个体中错误监测完整性的影响。药物添加的慢性和重复性质表明，依赖药物的个体可能难以识别和从适应不良的行为模式中学习。这些学习缺陷可能来自核心损害，从而识别和监测目标指导行为错误的过程中，并可能导致继续使用毒品，以及累犯的犯罪倾向。本研究将从被监禁的可卡因依赖性个体中收集电生理（EEG）和功能磁共振成像（fMRI）数据，以便更好地表征这些错误监测缺陷的性质。这项工作的结果将有助于描述依赖性和合并犯罪的机制，并将提供对能够靶向药物依赖人群损害的认知能力的治疗方法的更多见解。