Developing a Workplace Program to Reduce Alcohol Abuse and Risky Sex in Alaska

制定工作场所计划以减少阿拉斯加的酗酒和危险性行为

• 批准号: 7501511
• 负责人: Joel William Grube
• 金额: $ 21.42万
• 依托单位: PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-28 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7501511
• 关键词: AIDS/HIV problem; Absenteeism; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Alaska; Alaska Native; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; American Indians; Attitude; Awareness; Behavior; Behavior Control; Birth; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.); Chlamydia; Class; Collaborations; Communities; Dependence; Employee; Employee Health; Environment; HIV; Health behavior; Individual; Infection; Injury; Institute of Medicine (U.S.); Intervention; Link; Medical Care Costs; Numbers; Occupations; Outcome; Pattern; Planning Theory; Policies; Population; Poverty; Preparation; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Qualitative Research; Randomized Controlled Trials; Range; Rate; Reaction; Research; Research Infrastructure; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Sampling; Services; Substance abuse problem; Surveys; Testing; Therapeutic community technique; Time; United States; United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Unplanned pregnancy; Wages; Work; Workplace; alcohol intervention; alcohol misuse; base; behavior change; community intervention; cost; high risk sexual behavior; low socioeconomic status; programs; response; sex; social; theories; unintended pregnancy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the U.S., the majority of adults who are at risk for alcohol problems and many who engage in risky sexual behavior are employed and spend a considerable amount of time in the workplace. In addition, alcohol abuse and outcomes related to high risk sexual behaviors such as unplanned pregnancies and STI infections are associated with job absenteeism, turnover, injury rates and increased medical care costs (Institute of Medicine, 1994; Martin, 1994), particularly among the working poor. Thus the workplace holds great potential as a venue for the identification of low wage workers who are at risk for, or engage in, these behaviors. In the proposed two year R21 study we seek to develop a workplace-linked intervention to reduce alcohol abuse/misuse and risky sexual behavior among low-wage employees in Alaska. Two theoretical frameworks guide this approach: 1) a Cultural Approach to Alcohol and Risky Sex the Workplace (adapted from Ames & Janes, 1992), and 2) the Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen & Madden, 1998). These two theories allow us to include both the organizational and cultural aspects of the work environment and individual level determinants of alcohol use/abuse and risky sexual behaviors of low-wage workers. We plan to base the proposed study in Alaska for several reasons: it is an underserved and under- researched state with high rates of alcohol abuse, STIs and unplanned pregnancies. We also have an existing research infrastructure in Anchorage and active collaborations with the research and substance abuse prevention communities there. In Year 1 we plan to develop collaborations with companies which employ low- wage service workers and conduct qualitative research with employees and employers to better understand the patterns of alcohol use/abuse, risky sexual behavior, STIs (including HIV) and unintended pregnancy; and the links among behaviors and outcomes and the workplace environment. During Year 2, we will conduct quantitative survey research with employers and employees to assess the prevalence of alcohol use/abuse, risky sexual behavior, STIs (including HIV) and unintended pregnancy and the relationships among these behaviors and the workplace environment and assess the acceptability of possible components of a workplace-linked program to reduce alcohol use/abuse and risky sexual behaviors. Based on these findings we will develop and pilot test an initial version of a workplace-linked prevention program to reduce alcohol use/abuse, risky sex, and STIs in low-wage service workers in Alaska in preparation for a larger R01 application. The proposed study will allow us to potentially affect risky behavior directly among low wage worker through programs as well as indirectly through the culture and environment of the workplace. The project will also enable us to propose a program less controversial than one focusing solely on risky sex, and capitalize on the links between alcohol and risky sex.

描述（由申请人提供）：在美国，大多数面临酒精问题和许多从事风险性行为的成年人都受雇，并在工作场所花费大量时间。此外，酗酒和与高风险性行为有关的结果，例如计划外怀孕和性病感染与缺勤，营业额，伤害率和医疗费用增加有关（医学研究所，1994年； Martin，1994年），尤其是在工作穷人中。因此，工作场所具有巨大的潜力，是识别有危险或参与这些行为的低工资工人的场所。在拟议的为期两年的R21研究中，我们试图开发与工作场所联系的干预措施，以减少阿拉斯加低薪雇员的酒精滥用/滥用和风险的性行为。两个理论框架指导以下方法：1）对工作场所的饮酒和风险性行为的文化方法（改编自Ames＆Janes，1992），以及2）计划行为理论（Ajzen＆Madden，1998）。这两种理论使我们能够包括工作环境的组织和文化方面以及饮酒/滥用/滥用的个人水平决定因素以及低薪工人的风险性行为。我们计划以多种原因在阿拉斯加进行拟议的研究基础：它是一个服务不足且研究不足的状态，酗酒，性传播感染和计划外怀孕率高。我们还在锚固中拥有现有的研究基础设施，并与那里的研究和滥用毒品预防社区进行了积极合作。在第一年，我们计划与雇用低工资服务工作者的公司建立合作，并与员工和雇主进行定性研究，以更好地了解酒精使用/滥用/滥用，风险性行为，性传播感染，艾滋病毒（包括艾滋病毒）和意外怀孕的模式；以及行为和结果以及工作场所环境之间的联系。在第二年，我们将与雇主和雇员进行定量调查研究，以评估酒精使用/滥用，风险性行为，性传播感染（包括艾滋病毒）和意外怀孕的疾病的普遍性以及这些行为之间的关系以及工作场所环境，并评估工作场所与工作场所有联系计划的可能成分的可接受性，以减少酒精使用/虐待/滥用酒精/滥用/风险性行为。 根据这些发现，我们将开发和试点测试与工作场所相关的预防计划的初始版本，以减少阿拉斯加低薪服务人员的酒精使用/滥用，风险性和性传播感染，以准备更大的R01应用程序。拟议的研究将使我们通过计划以及通过工作场所的文化和环境间接地直接影响低工资工作者之间的风险行为。该项目还将使我们能够提出一个比仅关注风险性行为的计划更具争议性的计划，并利用酒精与风险性行为之间的联系。