Local Tobacco Policy and Youth Smoking

当地烟草政策和青少年吸烟

基本信息

批准号：
8207892
负责人：
Joel William Grube
金额：
$ 35.48万
依托单位：
PACIFIC INSTITUTE FOR RES AND EVALUATION
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-02-11 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8207892
关键词：
ARHGEF5 gene Address Administrator Adult Advocate Affect Air American Antismoking Behavior Belief California Characteristics Cigarette Cities Code Communities Complement Consumption Data Databases Decision Making Dependency Development Effectiveness Equation Expectancy Foundations Frequencies Funding General Population Goals Grant Growth Health Human Resources Incidence Income Individual Interview Investigation Law Enforcement Laws Mediating Minor Modeling National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Neighborhoods Outcome Perception Police Policies Population Density Poverty Predisposition Prevention Prevention approach Price Process Public Health Reporting Research Resources Restaurants Rights Risk Risk Factors Schools Series Smoke Smoking Smoking Behavior Social Problems Source Specific qualifier value Surveys Testing Time Tobacco Tobacco use Uncertainty Youth adolescent smoking base community intervention community setting density design informant non-smoker physical conditioning prevent public policy on alcohol public policy on tobacco smoking prevalence systematic review underage drinking uptake

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Little is known about if and how policies implemented at the local level are related to youth smoking, the use of alternative sources of cigarettes, and to changes in smoking over time. Understanding the effects of local strategies is critical to help establish best practices to address this public health issue. To this end, we propose to build upon a research component (Component #5: Local Policies, Enforcement, and Underage Drinking; Component Directors: M.J. Paschall and J.W. Grube) that is part of a currently funded NIAAA Center Grant (P60 AA006282-26, Environmental Approaches to Prevention; P.I.: P. Gruenewald). This Center Grant component focuses on the effects of local alcohol policies and enforcement in 50 California communities on youth drinking. We propose to expand this Center Grant study by (a) adding a series of items to the longitudinal youth survey being fielded as a part of the Center Grant in order to address tobacco-related beliefs and behaviors, (b) undertaking systematic reviews of and coding the comprehensiveness and effectiveness of local ordinances and policies in each of the 50 communities, (c) conducting key informant interviews with city administrators, school officials, and police to further document local policies and to ascertain levels of enforcement, and (d) conducting tobacco purchase surveys in each of the 50 communities to ascertain local merchant compliance rates and prices for cigarettes. The study will proceed from a conceptual model that includes community-level and individual-level factors. The model specifies how the effects of policy and other community variables are mediated through and moderate the effects of individual-level variables. Multi-level regression and latent variable structural equations models will be used to investigate relations between policies and smoking among youth in the communities and test hypotheses generated by the model. The ultimate goal of this research is to provide a better understanding of how local tobacco policies are associated with adolescent smoking. This information will provide a basis for implementing more effective community interventions to reduce and prevent adolescent smoking and its associated risks. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The results of this investigation will have important implications for the development and implementation of youth tobacco control policy and practice. It will help inform policymakers regarding the effectiveness of local ordinances to restrict youth access to tobacco, set community norms, and directly deter youth smoking. Thus the findings from this study will help policymakers make decisions regarding allocation of scarce prevention resources. More generally, this project will help to bridge the gap between research and practice.

描述（由申请人提供）：关于当地一级是否以及如何实施的政策与青少年吸烟，替代香烟的使用以及随着时间的推移吸烟的变化有关，知之甚少。了解当地策略的影响对于帮助建立最佳实践以解决这一公共卫生问题至关重要。为此，我们建议建立研究组成部分（组成部分：当地政策，执行和未成年人饮酒；组成部分：M.J. Paschall和J.W. Grube）是当前资助的NIAAA中心赠款的一部分（P60 AA006282-26）（P60 AA006282-26，环境方法，预见； P.I。该中心赠款部分重点介绍了50个加利福尼亚社区对青年饮酒的当地酒精政策和执法的影响。我们建议通过（a）通过（a）向纵向青年调查中添加一系列项目作为中心赠款的一部分，以解决与烟草相关的信念和行为的一部分，（b）对50个社区的官方行政部门的官方官员（C）进行关键的行政人员（C）行政人员（c），（c）行政人员（c）进行系统的官员，（c）进行系统的全面和政策，（c）行为官员（c），（c）行为官员（c），C）政策和确定执法水平，以及（d）在50个社区中的每个社区中的每个社区进行烟草购买调查，以确定当地商人合规率和香烟的价格。该研究将从包括社区级别和个人级别因素在内的概念模型进行。该模型指定政策和其他社区变量的影响是如何通过单个级变量的效果介导的。多层回归和潜在变量结构方程模型将用于研究社区青年之间的政策与吸烟之间的关系，并测试模型产生的假设。这项研究的最终目的是更好地了解当地烟草政策如何与青少年吸烟相关联。该信息将为实施更有效的社区干预措施提供基础，以减少和防止青少年吸烟及其相关风险。公共卫生相关性：这项调查的结果将对青少年烟草控制政策和实践的发展和实施具有重要意义。它将有助于告知决策者，了解当地法令限制青年获得烟草，设定社区规范并直接阻止青年吸烟的有效性。因此，这项研究的发现将有助于决策者就稀缺预防资源的分配做出决定。更一般而言，该项目将有助于弥合研究和实践之间的差距。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（5）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Rating the effectiveness of local tobacco policies for reducing youth smoking.

DOI：
10.1007/s10935-013-0336-x
发表时间：
2014-04
期刊：
JOURNAL OF PRIMARY PREVENTION
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Lipperman-Kreda, Sharon;Friend, Karen B.;Grube, Joel W.
通讯作者：
Grube, Joel W.

Density and proximity of tobacco outlets to homes and schools: relations with youth cigarette smoking.

DOI：
10.1007/s11121-013-0442-2
发表时间：
2014-10
期刊：
PREVENTION SCIENCE
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Lipperman-Kreda, Sharon;Mair, Christina;Grube, Joel W.;Friend, Karen B.;Jackson, Phoenix;Watson, Derrik
通讯作者：
Watson, Derrik

The impact of local U.S. tobacco policies on youth tobacco use: A critical review.

美国当地烟草政策对青少年烟草使用的影响：批判性评论。