Visual object processing in the inferotemporal cortex

颞下皮层的视觉对象处理

• 批准号: 7404431
• 负责人: James J DiCarlo
• 金额: $ 29.9万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7404431
• 关键词: Animals; Anterior; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain; Class; Classification; Clutterings; Data; Discrimination; Dorsal; Foundations; Future; Goals; Human; Image; Knowledge; Learning; Lighting; Link; Maps; Measures; Memory; Motion; Neurons; Performance; Positioning Attribute; Primates; Property; Range; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Reporting; Retinal; Role; Shapes; Specificity; Stream; Testing; Thinking; Training; Variant; Vision; Visual; Visual Perception; Visual system structure; behavioral tolerance; experience; falls; inferotemporal cortex; object recognition; response; size; visual control; visual object processing

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Visual object recognition is central to our behavior, and knowledge of the underlying brain mechanisms is critical to understanding human visual perception and memory. The key problem is creation of selectivity for object identity that tolerates changes in an object's retinal image, such as changes in position and size. The primate brain appears to construct this selectivity in the ventral visual stream because neuronal responses in the highest area of that stream--the anterior inferotemporal cortex (AIT)--show shape selectivity that can tolerate position and size changes. Yet, we do not understand these key neuronal properties--reports of AIT tolerance are limited and inconsistent, and recent studies show that it can be very restricted. Thus, the goals of this proposal are an understanding of key factors likely to determine AIT position and size tolerance, and to determine if AIT tolerance can explain behavioral tolerance. Our first aim is to systematically determine the position and size tolerance of AIT neuronal shape selectivity for a range of object sets and object training histories. We will establish the relationship of selectivity and AIT position and size tolerance, the interaction of AIT position and size tolerance, and the effect of object-specific training on these relationships. These data will establish neuronal tolerance at the highest level of the primate visual system and provide a much-needed foundation for further study. The mechanisms that might underlie position and size tolerance fall into two broad classes: (1) automatic generalization; and (2) tolerance learned by experiencing objects across changes in position and size. Our second aim is to determine if position- or size-specific object experience have substantial effects on the position or size tolerance of AIT shape selectivity. Because this has not been examined, any result would be extremely informative in constraining mechanisms and guiding future studies. Although it is thought that AIT tolerance underlies behavioral tolerance, this has not been systematically examined. Our third aim is to determine if the position and size tolerance of object identification can be explained by the tolerance of AIT neuronal shape selectivity. This is a vital to understanding the link between high-level, ventral stream neuronal responses and visual object identification.

描述（由申请人提供）：视觉对象识别对于我们的行为至关重要，对基本大脑机制的了解对于理解人类的视觉感知和记忆至关重要。关键问题是创建对象身份的选择性，该对象身份可以容忍对象的视网膜图像中的变化，例如位置和大小的变化。灵长类动物的大脑似乎在腹侧视觉流中构建了这种选择性，因为该流中最高区域的神经元反应 - 前颞下皮皮层（AIT） - 显示形状选择性，可以耐受位置和大小变化。但是，我们不了解这些关键的神经元特性 - AIT公差的报告是有限的和不一致的，最近的研究表明，它可能非常限制。因此，该提案的目标是对可能确定AIT位置和大小公差的关键因素的理解，并确定AIT公差是否可以解释行为耐受性。 我们的第一个目的是系统地确定一系列对象集和对象训练历史的AIT神经元形状选择性的位置和尺寸公差。我们将建立选择性和AIT位置和大小公差的关系，AIT位置和大小公差的相互作用以及特定于对象训练对这些关系的影响。这些数据将在灵长类动物视觉系统的最高水平上建立神经元耐受性，并为进一步研究提供急需的基础。 可能构成位置和大小公差的机制分为两个广泛的类别：（1）自动概括； （2）通过在位置和大小的变化中体验对象来学习的宽容。我们的第二个目的是确定位置或特定于尺寸的对象体验是否对AIT形状选择性的位置或尺寸公差有重大影响。由于尚未进行检查，因此任何结果在限制机制和指导未来的研究方面都非常有用。 尽管人们认为AIT的宽容是行为宽容的基础，但尚未系统地检查。我们的第三个目的是确定对象识别的位置和大小公差是否可以通过AIT神经元形状选择性的耐受性来解释。这对于理解高级，腹流神经元反应和视觉对象识别之间的联系至关重要。