Social Aggression: Growth and Outcomes

社会攻击：成长和结果

基本信息

批准号：
7646668
负责人：
Marion K. Underwood
金额：
$ 59.01万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS DALLAS
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-06-01 至 2014-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7646668
关键词：
Adolescence Adolescent Adolescent Behavior Age Aggressive behavior Alcohol or Other Drugs use Anxiety Appearance Behavior Borderline Personality Disorder Chronic Code Communication Communications Media Development Devices Disease Eating Disorders Electronic Mail Electronics Exclusion Frequencies Friends Friendships Future Gender Gender Role Goals Growth Guide prevention Individual Investigation Jealousy Longitudinal Studies Measures Mental disorders Methods Outcome Parents Patient Self-Report Personal Satisfaction Personality Personality Disorders Persons Phase Physical aggression Policies Preventive Intervention Psychopathology Reporting Research Risk Rosa Sampling Self Concept Sex Characteristics Social Development Social status Subgroup Symptoms Telephone Interviews Text Time Victimization Walkers Woman Wood material age group anti social base boys depression depressive symptoms experience girls improved innovation intimate behavior peer prevent psychologic public health relevance social teacher tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Engaging in and being victimized by social aggression during adolescence confers risk for emerging psychopathology and antisocial behavior. Understanding the development and consequences of social aggression may clarify the role of gender in emerging mental disorders, because girls engage in more social than physical aggression and social aggression might contribute to disorders for which girls and women have higher base rates (depression, eating disorders, and borderline personality features, Crick et al., 1999, Crick & Zahn-Waxler, 2003). Social aggression harms peers by damaging friendships or social status, and includes behaviors such as social exclusion (verbal or non-verbal), malicious gossip, and friendship manipulation (Cairns, Cairns, Neckerman, Gest, & Gariepy, 1989; Galen & Underwood, 1997; Underwood, 2003). This investigation examines the development of social and physical aggression through late adolescence, to explore the growth, change, and sequelae of engaging in and being the victim of social and physical aggression for an age range in which social aggression has rarely been studied (14 - 18). This competing continuation application proposes to follow the same sample that has been studied since age 9 in the previous project ("Social Aggression: Precursors and Outcomes", 2 R01 MH063076-06). For the most complete understanding of social aggression, this research will include measures of engaging in and being victimized by social aggression. This research will employ both variable-based and person-based analyses, to examine whether social aggression might be typical adolescent behavior at low levels, but contribute to psychopathology for those who perpetrate social aggression with high frequency and for chronic victims. An important innovation of this phase of the longitudinal study will be careful assessment of social aggression in online communication by providing adolescents with handheld devices and recording and coding the content of their text messaging, Instant Messaging, and email communication. Analyzing how adolescents actually communicate online will illuminate how they use social aggression in this context, but will also provide "a window into the secret world of adolescent peer culture" (Greenfield & Yan, 2006, p. 392). With the multiple measures of adjustment included here, the proposed research can examine carefully how the frequency and content of adolescents' online communication relates to their well-being. This investigation will use multiple methods to measure social aggression (coding of online communication and text messaging, self-reports via telephone interviews, friend reports, parent reports, and teacher and activity leader reports) to examine growth and change in mean levels of social and physical aggression for the total sample, as well as to examine whether individuals follow different types of trajectories for engaging and being the victim of social aggression. This research will examine how growth and change in social aggression relate to the emergence of psychopathology and antisocial behavior in late adolescence. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research will guide prevention and intervention efforts by identifying specific factors related to growth and change in social aggression, and by clarifying whether social aggression might be normative adolescent behavior at low levels of frequency and intensity, but still predictive of psychopathology for those who frequently perpetrate social aggression or who are chronic victims. This study will explore social aggression as a developmental precursor of adolescent psychopathology, with the long-term goal of determining whether intervening to prevent or reduce social aggression might be helpful in preventing externalizing problems, internalizing symptoms, personality disorders, and eating disorders. This study will also be the first large-scale, longitudinal investigation to examine the actual content of adolescents' online communication and the extent to which they engage in social aggression as well as other forms of communication with peers, parents, romantic partners, and even strangers; thus, these results could guide policy decisions about adolescents' access to electronic tools and online communication.

描述（由申请人提供）：在青春期中参与并受到社会侵略的伤害，赋予了新兴的心理病理学和反社会行为的风险。了解社会侵略的发展和后果可能会阐明性别在新兴的精神障碍中的作用，因为女孩比身体侵略和社交侵略更社交可能导致障碍，女孩和女性具有较高的基本率（抑郁症，饮食失调和边缘性人格性格，Crick et al。，Crick et al。，Crick＆Zahn-Waxler，2003年）。社交侵略会通过破坏友谊或社会地位来损害同伴，包括社会排斥（口头或非语言），恶意八卦和友谊操纵等行为（Cairns，Cairns，Cairns，Neckerman，Neckerman，Gest，＆Gariepy，1989; Galen＆Underwood，Galen＆Underwood，1997; 1997; Underwood，2003年）。这项调查研究了通过青春期晚期的社会和身体侵略的发展，以探索参与并成为社会和身体侵略的受害者的成长，变化和后遗症，这是社会侵略很少研究的年龄范围（14-18）。该竞争性延续申请建议遵循自上一项目以来9岁以来从9岁开始研究的样本（“社会侵略：前体和结果”，2 R01 MH063076-06）。为了使对社会侵略的最全面了解，这项研究将包括参与和受到社会侵略的措施。这项研究将同时采用基于变量的分析和基于人的分析，以检查社会侵略是否可能是典型的青少年行为，但对于那些以高频和慢性受害者犯下社会侵略的人来说，这有助于心理病理学。纵向研究的这一阶段的一个重要创新将通过为青少年提供手持设备，并记录和编码其文本消息传递，即时消息传递和电子邮件通信的内容来仔细评估在线沟通中的社交侵略。分析青少年如何在线沟通将如何阐明他们在这种情况下如何使用社交侵略的方式，但也将提供“进入青少年同伴文化的秘密世界”（Greenfield＆Yan，2006，p。392）。通过此处包括多种调整措施，拟议的研究可以仔细检查青少年在线交流的频率和内容与他们的幸福感如何相关。这项调查将使用多种方法来衡量社交侵略（在线沟通和文本消息的编码，通过电话访谈，朋友报告，父母报告以及教师报告和活动领导者报告的自我报告）来检查总样本的社交和身体侵略的平均水平的增长和变化，以及检查个人是否遵循不同类型的轨迹，以吸引和成为社交侵略的受害者。这项研究将研究社会侵略性的增长和变化如何与青春期后期心理病理学和反社会行为的出现有关。公共卫生相关性：这项研究将通过确定与社会侵略的增长和变化相关的特定因素，并阐明社会侵略是否可能是低频率和强度的规范青少年行为，但仍然可以预测那些经常遭受社会侵略的人的心理病理学，但仍可以预测社会病理学，这将指导预防和干预工作。这项研究将探索社会侵略作为青少年心理病理学的发展前体，其长期目标是确定干预以预防或减少社交侵略是否有助于防止外部化问题，内部化症状，人格障碍和饮食障碍。这项研究还将是第一个大规模的纵向调查，以研究青少年在线沟通的实际内容以及他们参与社交侵略以及与同伴，父母，浪漫伴侣甚至陌生人的其他形式的交流程度；因此，这些结果可以指导有关青少年访问电子工具和在线通信的政策决策。