Measuring Neighborhood: Key Aspects for Multiethnic Older Adults Health Status

衡量社区：多民族老年人健康状况的关键方面

• 批准号: 7282988
• 负责人: IRENE H YEN
• 金额: $ 11.8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-01 至 2011-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7282988
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Affect; Age; Aging; Area; Censuses; Characteristics; Chicago; Class; Condition; Crime; Data; Data Analyses; Development; Development Plans; Disease; Economics; Elderly; Environment; Ethnic Origin; Faculty; Fibrinogen; Health; Health Status; Health behavior; Homes for the Aged; Income; Individual; Institutes; Intervention; Interview; Label; Life; Literature; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Mentored Research Scientist Development Award; Mentors; Minority; Neighborhoods; Patient Self-Report; Policies; Positioning Attribute; Principal Investigator; Qualitative Research; Race; Rate; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Resources; Role; San Francisco; Services; Side; Socioeconomic Status; Statistical Methods; Strategic Planning; Structure; Surveys; Time; Training; Translating; Trees; Unemployment; Work; age group; base; career; cohesion; contextual factors; coping; design; experience; federal poverty level; health disparity; programs; racial and ethnic; social; socioeconomics; tool; tool development; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (K01) proposes to provide the candidate, an early-career investigator with the UCSF Resource Center for Minority Aging Research (RCMAR), further training in measurement tool development and assessment, advanced statistical methods, and qualitative research methods. The additional training would enable her to pursue a career as an independent investigator identifying key social and environmental mechanisms that create racial/ethnic and socioeconomic disparities among older adults. In the shorter term, building on prior work of the candidate, this K01 focuses on the neighborhood environment as a possible key factor influencing health and contributing to health disparities. She proposes a career development plan that consists of coursework, training, and research experiences with a mentoring team of senior faculty and external mentors with expertise in the areas of measurement development, minority aging, health disparities, qualitative research methods, and advanced statistical methods. The research program consists of three parts: secondary data analysis, qualitative research project, and creation of a new pilot neighborhood measurement tool. Part one of the research program is analysis of the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP), investigating the cross- sectional and longitudinal associations of neighborhood environment with perceived health status. Neighborhood environment is assessed in CHAP by self-report, street observations, census data, and secondary data on crime and traffic. Part two of the research program is intensive semi-structured interviews of older adults who are from diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds and live in economically diverse neighborhoods. The adults will be asked about the meaning of their neighborhood, the resources they use in their neighborhoods, the challenges they confront, how they cope with difficulties, and their health status. The interview data will be analyzed for key themes. In Part three, these themes will be translated into survey items to create a pilot measurement tool for neighborhood environment. Identifying mechanisms for health disparities among older adults is a priority of the NIA five-year strategic plan. Neighborhood environments could be crucial given that as people age they may be more dependent on their immediate surroundings.

描述（由申请人提供）：该导师研究科学家发展奖 (K01) 旨在为候选人（加州大学旧金山分校少数族裔老龄化研究资源中心 (RCMAR) 的早期职业研究者）提供测量工具开发和评估、高级培训等方面的进一步培训。统计方法和定性研究方法。额外的培训将使她能够从事独立调查员的职业生涯，确定造成老年人种族/民族和社会经济差异的关键社会和环境机制。从短期来看，在候选人之前工作的基础上，本 K01 重点关注邻里环境，将其视为影响健康和造成健康差异的可能关键因素。她提出了一个职业发展计划，包括课程作业、培训和研究经验，由高级教师和外部导师组成的指导团队在测量开发、少数族裔老龄化、健康差异、定性研究方法和高级统计方法等领域拥有专业知识。该研究计划由三部分组成：二次数据分析、定性研究项目以及创建新的试点邻里测量工具。研究计划的第一部分是对芝加哥健康与老龄化项目（CHAP）的分析，调查邻里环境与感知健康状况的横向和纵向关联。 CHAP 通过自我报告、街道观察、人口普查数据以及犯罪和交通二手数据来评估社区环境。该研究计划的第二部分是对来自不同种族/民族背景、生活在经济多元化社区的老年人进行密集的半结构化访谈。成年人将被询问他们的社区的意义、他们在社区中使用的资源、他们面临的挑战、他们如何应对困难以及他们的健康状况。将对采访数据进行关键主题分析。在第三部分中，这些主题将转化为调查项目，以创建邻里环境的试点测量工具。确定老年人健康差异的机制是 NIA 五年战略计划的优先事项。鉴于随着人们年龄的增长，他们可能会更加依赖周围的环境，因此社区环境可能至关重要。