Vestibular Regulation of Respiratory Muscle Activity

呼吸肌活动的前庭调节

基本信息

批准号：
7317349
负责人：
BILL J YATES
金额：
$ 26.89万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-05-01 至 2009-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7317349
关键词：
Abbreviations Abdomen Abdominal Muscles Air Air Movements Animals Applications Grants Axon Bilateral Breathing Cells Characteristics Chest Complement component C1s Complex Conscious Contracts Dimensions Emetics Excision Exhibits Figs - dietary Fire - disasters Force of Gravity Funding Grant Indium Injection of therapeutic agent Interneurons Labyrinth Location Lung Medial Mediating Motion Sickness Motor Motor Activity Motor Neurons Movement Muscle Muscle Contraction Neural Pathways Neurons Pathway interactions Pattern Perfusion Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Physiological Posture Prone Position Pump Rate Regulation Research Personnel Resistance Respiratory Diaphragm Respiratory Muscles Respiratory System Reticular Formation Role Rotation Shapes Signal Transduction Spinal Spinal Cord Stomach Suid Herpesvirus 1 System Testing Thoracic cavity structure Thoracic spinal cord structure Vestibular Nerve Vestibule Vomiting expiration gastrointestinal labyrinthectomy neural circuit pressure programs relating to nervous system research study respiratory respiratory reflex response

项目摘要

A variety of experimental approaches have established that the vestibular system contributes to making adjustments in the activity of thoracic and abdominal respiratory pump muscles as well as muscles that regulate the resistance of the upper airway during movement and changes in posture. However, these effects are complex, such that the physiological role of the vestibular system in regulating the movement of air in and out of the lungs is not yet clear. Specific Aim 1 of the current proposal will determine this role by examining the consequences of a bilateral labyrinthectomy on the pressure, volume, and flow rate of air exchanged during inspiration and expiration as body orientation with respect to gravity is altered. Prior experiments have also shown that some of the neurons that relay vestibular signals to respiratory motoneurons are located in the medial medullary reticular formation, but that these cells are insufficient to produce vestibulo-respiratory responses. Our anatomical studies and physiological studies by others have revealed that additional premotor respiratory neurons are located in the spinal cord. Specific Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that spinal interneurons are elements in the neuronal circuit that mediates vestibular system influences on the movement of air in and out of the lungs. Patterned contractions of respiratory muscles are additionally responsible for producing vomiting; vestibular signals trigger this motor activity during emesis associated with motion sickness. However, the neural circuit that elicits vomiting has not yet been established, although recent evidence suggests that cells in the medial medullary reticular formation are important components in this pathway. Specific Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that medial medullary reticular formation neurons coordinate the patterned discharges of respiratory muscles that underlie vomiting, including emesis associated with motion sickness. Together, these experiments should establish the particular role that labyrinthine signals serve in adjusting the activity of respiratory muscles to compensate for the effects of gravity on these muscles, the airways, and the lungs. In addition, the location and physiological characteristics of premotor neurons that mediate labyrinthine influences on respiratory motoneuron firing, both during postural alterations and emesis, will be ascertained.

各种实验方法已经证实前庭系统有助于制造调整胸部和腹部呼吸泵肌肉以及以下肌肉的活动调节运动和姿势变化期间上呼吸道的阻力。然而，这些影响是复杂的，因此前庭系统在调节空气运动中的生理作用肺部出来的情况还不清楚。当前提案的具体目标 1 将通过审查确定这一角色双侧迷路切除术对空气交换的压力、体积和流速的影响在吸气和呼气期间，身体相对于重力的方向发生变化。之前的实验有还表明，一些将前庭信号传递给呼吸运动神经元的神经元位于内侧髓质网状结构，但这些细胞不足以产生前庭呼吸回应。我们的解剖学研究和其他人的生理学研究表明，额外的运动前呼吸神经元位于脊髓中。具体目标 2 将检验以下假设：脊柱中间神经元是神经元回路中的元素，介导前庭系统对运动的影响空气进出肺部。呼吸肌的模式化收缩还负责产生呕吐；前庭信号在与运动相关的呕吐期间触发这种运动活动疾病。然而，引起呕吐的神经回路尚未建立，尽管最近有证据表明，内侧髓质网状结构中的细胞是这一过程的重要组成部分。途径。具体目标 3 将检验内侧髓质网状结构神经元协调的假设导致呕吐的呼吸肌的模式性放电，包括与以下情况相关的呕吐晕车。总之，这些实验应该确定迷宫信号的特殊作用用于调节呼吸肌的活动，以补偿重力对这些肌肉的影响肌肉、气道和肺部。此外，前运动的位置和生理特征在姿势改变期间介导迷路影响呼吸运动神经元放电的神经元和呕吐，将被确定。