Vestibular Regulation of Respiratory Muscle Activity

呼吸肌活动的前庭调节

基本信息

批准号：
7317349
负责人：
BILL J YATES
金额：
$ 26.89万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1998
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1998-05-01 至 2009-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7317349
关键词：
Abbreviations Abdomen Abdominal Muscles Air Air Movements Animals Applications Grants Axon Bilateral Breathing Cells Characteristics Chest Complement component C1s Complex Conscious Contracts Dimensions Emetics Excision Exhibits Figs - dietary Fire - disasters Force of Gravity Funding Grant Indium Injection of therapeutic agent Interneurons Labyrinth Location Lung Medial Mediating Motion Sickness Motor Motor Activity Motor Neurons Movement Muscle Muscle Contraction Neural Pathways Neurons Pathway interactions Pattern Perfusion Pharmaceutical Preparations Phase Physiological Posture Prone Position Pump Rate Regulation Research Personnel Resistance Respiratory Diaphragm Respiratory Muscles Respiratory System Reticular Formation Role Rotation Shapes Signal Transduction Spinal Spinal Cord Stomach Suid Herpesvirus 1 System Testing Thoracic cavity structure Thoracic spinal cord structure Vestibular Nerve Vestibule Vomiting expiration gastrointestinal labyrinthectomy neural circuit pressure programs relating to nervous system research study respiratory respiratory reflex response

项目摘要

A variety of experimental approaches have established that the vestibular system contributes to making adjustments in the activity of thoracic and abdominal respiratory pump muscles as well as muscles that regulate the resistance of the upper airway during movement and changes in posture. However, these effects are complex, such that the physiological role of the vestibular system in regulating the movement of air in and out of the lungs is not yet clear. Specific Aim 1 of the current proposal will determine this role by examining the consequences of a bilateral labyrinthectomy on the pressure, volume, and flow rate of air exchanged during inspiration and expiration as body orientation with respect to gravity is altered. Prior experiments have also shown that some of the neurons that relay vestibular signals to respiratory motoneurons are located in the medial medullary reticular formation, but that these cells are insufficient to produce vestibulo-respiratory responses. Our anatomical studies and physiological studies by others have revealed that additional premotor respiratory neurons are located in the spinal cord. Specific Aim 2 will test the hypothesis that spinal interneurons are elements in the neuronal circuit that mediates vestibular system influences on the movement of air in and out of the lungs. Patterned contractions of respiratory muscles are additionally responsible for producing vomiting; vestibular signals trigger this motor activity during emesis associated with motion sickness. However, the neural circuit that elicits vomiting has not yet been established, although recent evidence suggests that cells in the medial medullary reticular formation are important components in this pathway. Specific Aim 3 will test the hypothesis that medial medullary reticular formation neurons coordinate the patterned discharges of respiratory muscles that underlie vomiting, including emesis associated with motion sickness. Together, these experiments should establish the particular role that labyrinthine signals serve in adjusting the activity of respiratory muscles to compensate for the effects of gravity on these muscles, the airways, and the lungs. In addition, the location and physiological characteristics of premotor neurons that mediate labyrinthine influences on respiratory motoneuron firing, both during postural alterations and emesis, will be ascertained.

各种实验方法已经确定前庭系统有助于制造调整胸腔和腹部呼吸泵肌肉的活性以及肌肉调节运动过程中上呼吸道的阻力和姿势变化。但是，这些影响很复杂，使得前庭系统在调节空气运动中的生理作用和从肺部出来还不清楚。当前建议的特定目的1将通过检查来确定这一角色双侧迷宫切除术对交换空气的压力，体积和流速的后果在灵感和到期期间，随着重力的身体方向的变化。先前的实验具有还表明，将前庭信号传递到呼吸道神经元的一些神经元位于内侧的网状形成，但这些细胞不足以产生前庭呼吸系统回答。我们其他人的解剖学研究和生理研究表明前呼吸神经元位于脊髓中。特定目标2将检验脊柱的假设神经元是神经元电路中介导前庭系统影响运动的元素空气进出肺部。呼吸道肌肉的图案收缩也是造成的产生呕吐；前庭信号触发与运动相关的呕吐期间这种运动活动疾病。但是，尚未建立引起呕吐的神经电路，尽管最近有证据表明，内侧髓质网状形成中的细胞是其中的重要组成部分路径。特定的目标3将检验内侧髓质网状形成神经元坐标的假设呕吐的基础的呼吸道肌肉的图案排放，包括与晕车。这些实验应共同确定迷宫信号的特定作用服务调整呼吸肌肉的活性以补偿重力对这些的影响肌肉，气道和肺部。另外，前者的位置和生理特征在姿势改变期间，介导迷宫对呼吸运动神经元的影响的神经元介导了对呼吸运动神经元的影响并将确定呕吐。