Vestibular Regulation of Respiratory Muscle Activity

呼吸肌活动的前庭调节

• 批准号: 6468276
• 负责人: BILL J YATES
• 金额: $ 23.25万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-05-01 至 2005-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6468276
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; biological signal transduction; cats; electromyography; ferrets; gamma aminobutyrate; glycine; head movements; medulla oblongata; motor neurons; neuronal transport; neurotransmitters; posture; pulmonary respiration; respiration regulatory center; respiratory muscles; reticular formation; vestibular apparatus; vestibular nerve

DESCRIPTION: (provided by applicant) Several experimental approaches have indicated that the vestibular system influences activity of respiratory "pump" muscles as well as particular upper airway muscles. During the tenure of the currently-funded grant, removal of vestibular inputs was shown to alter the resting activity of both the diaphragm and abdominal musculature, and to diminish changes in abdominal muscle activity that ordinarily occur during postural alterations. Furthermore, experiments employing the transneuronal transport of pseudorabies virus demonstrated that in addition to cells in the respiratory groups, neurons in the medial medullary reticular formation provide inputs to a variety of respiratory motoneurons. We propose to extend this work by testing the following general hypothesis: medial medullary reticular formation neurons that receive vestibular inputs globally modulate the excitability of both particular upper airway respiratory muscles and respiratory pump muscles during postural changes. Furthermore, we will explore the physiological significance of the observation that stimulation of regions of the cerebellum that receive vestibular inputs alters respiratory activity. Four specific aims are proposed. The first specific aim will determine whether removal of vestibular inputs alters spontaneous activity and tilt-related responses of upper airway respiratory muscles in awake animals. The second specific aim will ascertain whether common inhibitory medial reticular formation neurons provide inputs to motoneurons innervating upper airway and respiratory pump muscles. The third specific aim will establish whether medial medullary reticular formation neurons have appropriate responses to vestibular stimulation to mediate vestibulorespiratory reflexes. The fourth specific aim will determine whether ablation of cerebellar regions known to alter respiratory activity when stimulated will affect spontaneous activity and responses to tilt of respiratory pump muscles in awake animals. In combination, these experiments will extend knowledge concerning the physiological significance of vestibular influences on respiratory regulation, and will also elucidate the role of the medial medullary reticular formation in producing these responses. These findings may have relevance to humans, as a deficiency in vestibulo-respiratory responses could result in an insufficiency of respiratory adjustments during changes in posture, and could contribute to snoring and obstructive sleep apnea.

描述：（由申请人提供） 一些实验方法表明前庭系统 影响呼吸“泵”肌以及特定上肢的活动 气道肌肉。在当前资助的赠款期限内，取消 前庭输入被证明可以改变两个膈肌的静息活动 和腹部肌肉组织，并减少腹部肌肉活动的变化 通常发生在姿势改变期间。此外，实验 利用伪狂犬病病毒的跨神经元运输证明 除了呼吸组的细胞外，内侧髓质的神经元 网状结构为各种呼吸运动神经元提供输入。我们 建议通过测试以下一般假设来扩展这项工作：内侧 全局接收前庭输入的髓质网状形成神经元 调节特定上呼吸道呼吸肌的兴奋性 和姿势改变期间的呼吸泵肌。此外，我们将 探索观察刺激的生理意义 接受前庭输入的小脑区域会改变呼吸 活动。提出了四个具体目标。第一个具体目标将 确定前庭输入的去除是否会改变自发活动以及 清醒动物上呼吸道呼吸肌的倾斜相关反应。 第二个具体目标将确定是否存在常见的抑制性内侧 网状形成神经元为支配上半身的运动神经元提供输入 气道和呼吸泵肌肉。第三个具体目标将确定 内侧髓质网状结构神经元是否有适当的反应 前庭刺激介导前庭呼吸反射。第四个 具体目标将确定小脑区域消融是否已知 受到刺激时改变呼吸活动会影响自发活动 清醒动物对呼吸泵肌倾斜的反应。结合起来， 这些实验将扩展有关生理学的知识 前庭对呼吸调节的影响的重要性，并且还将 阐明内侧髓质网状结构在产生中的作用 这些回应。这些发现可能与人类有关，作为一种缺陷 前庭呼吸反应可能导致 姿势变化期间的呼吸调整，可能有助于 打鼾和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。