Praxis Behavioral Observation Software

Praxis 行为观察软件

基本信息

批准号：
7425920
负责人：
WILLIAM V DUBE
金额：
$ 35.65万
依托单位：
PRAXIS, INC.
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2006-09-03 至 2010-11-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Special educators and clinical professionals who serve individuals with developmental disabilities such as mental retardation or autism routinely rely on behavioral observation for critical information. This STTR application seeks funds to support the development of the Praxis Behavioral Observation Software (PBOS), a tool to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of behavioral observation with the widely used measurement techniques of partial/whole interval recording and momentary time sampling. These techniques are used in situations where practical considerations prohibit continued direct observation and recording every instance of behavior. With these measurement techniques, the total observation period is divided into smaller intervals and some portion of each interval is observed. The software will perform two types of functions: (1) Improve the efficiency of coding digital video behavioral samples. Continuously recorded digital video can be automatically divided into a series of user-defined video segments and each segment automatically displayed based on the needs of the user. Efficiency will be improved because the user does not need to view the entire video sample, but rather only the portions that are necessary for coding. (2) PBOS can be used to determine the relative accuracy of different measurement techniques. The user will first code a representative sample of the behavior by viewing an entire digital video while recording behavioral events. This produces a complete record of the actual frequency and duration of the behavior. The software will then calculate the estimated frequency and duration of this behavior that would be obtained using a range of momentary time sampling and interval recording values. The software will display the extent to which each set of recording parameters over- or under-estimates the actual frequency and duration of the behavior and indicate which coding strategy best measures the specific characteristics of the behavior of interest. The software development process will include implementation of the coding and analysis modules, verification of accuracy through comprehensive in- house testing, field tests for usability and clarity of user interface and documentation, and two product revision cycles. Special educators and clinical professionals who serve individuals with developmental disabilities such as mental retardation or autism are increasingly using digital video for behavioral observation and analysis. The Praxis Behavioral Observation Software (PBOS) product will include features to increase the accuracy and efficiency of conducting such analyses. Further, the product will include tools to determine the most accurate behavioral measurement techniques for analyzing digital video samples and conducting direct (live) behavioral observation.

描述（由申请人提供）：为患有智力障碍或自闭症等发育障碍的人提供服务的特殊教育者和临床专业人员，通常依靠行为观察来依靠关键信息。该STTR应用程序寻求资金来支持Praxis行为观察软件（PBO）的开发，该工具是通过广泛使用的部分/整个间隔记录和瞬时时间采样的广泛使用的测量技术来提高行为观察的效率和准确性。这些技术用于实际考虑禁止继续直接观察并记录行为的每一个实例的情况。通过这些测量技术，总观测周期分为较小的间隔，并观察到每个间隔的一部分。该软件将执行两种类型的功能：（1）提高编码数字视频行为样本的效率。连续录制的数字视频可以自动分为一系列用户定义的视频段，并且根据用户需求自动显示的每个段。效率将得到提高，因为用户不需要查看整个视频样本，而是仅查看编码所需的部分。（2）PBO可用于确定不同测量技术的相对准确性。用户将在录制行为事件时查看整个数字视频，首先通过查看整个数字视频来代表行为的代表性示例。这产生了行为的实际频率和持续时间的完整记录。然后，该软件将计算此行为的估计频率和持续时间，这些频率和持续时间将使用一系列瞬时时间采样和间隔记录值获得。该软件将显示每组记录参数过高或低估行为的实际频率和持续时间的程度，并指出哪种编码策略最能衡量感兴趣行为的特定特征。软件开发过程将包括实施编码和分析模块，通过全面的内部测试对准确性的验证，对用户界面和文档的可用性和清晰度的现场测试以及两个产品修订周期。服务于智力障碍或自闭症等发育障碍个人的特殊教育者和临床专业人员越来越多地使用数字视频进行行为观察和分析。实践行为观察软件（PBOS）产品将包括提高进行此类分析的准确性和效率的功能。此外，该产品将包括确定用于分析数字视频样本并进行直接（实时）行为观察的最准确行为测量技术的工具。