Mesoscopic Superfluid 3He

介观超流体 3He

基本信息

批准号：
EP/E001009/1
负责人：
Andrei Golov
金额：
$ 61.12万
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2006
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2006 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FE001009%2F1
关键词：
Mesoscopic Superfluid 3He

项目摘要

Superfluid 3He is the most ordered and pure condensed matter system, as a result various types of quantized vortices and other defects of its order were observed and studied. When superfluid 3He becomes two-dimensional, new types of vortices are expected. While fundamental on its own, understanding of such vortices paves way to our understanding of unconvensional superconductors and cosmic strings. We will study the vortex physics in superfluid 3He of reduced dimensions. The new research direction can be initiated by using a rare combination of expertise from different research groups in the School of Physics and Astronomy. Golov's group has a long-term experience in studies of superfluid helium and possesses a unique rotating cryostat for creating vortices in superfluid 3He. Geim's group will contribute to the project through its direct access to modern microfabrication facilities and extensive expertise in mesoscopic physics, including the physics of vortices in mesoscopic superconductors. We intend to study quantized vortices in thin slabs of superfluid 3He confined by flat boundaries with artificially fabricated periodic arrays of submicron bumps (pinning centres for vortices). The properties of 3He in thin-slab geometry should differ from those of bulk superfluid in many respects, for example, new type of vortices with circulation equal to just one half of circulation quantum are expected. With our rotating cryostat, we will introduce vortices of required density while keeping the 3He below its superfluid transition temperature of 0.9 mK. With arrays of nanofabricated pinning centres, we expect to observe commensurability effects when densities of the arrays of vortices and pinning centres match. This will provide a direct measure of the vortex density and, among other things, should allow us to find out whether vortices can become fractional under certain experimental conditions.

超级流体3HE是最有序和纯净的凝结物质系统，因此观察并研究了各种类型的量化涡旋和其他阶数缺陷。当Superfluid 3HE成为二维时，预计新型的涡流。尽管基本上是基本的，但对这种涡流的理解铺平了我们对不符合性超导体和宇宙弦的理解。我们将研究降低尺寸的超流体3HE中的涡流物理。可以通过使用物理和天文学学院的不同研究小组的罕见专业知识组合来启动新的研究方向。戈洛夫（Golov）的小组在超流体氦的研究中具有长期的经验，并具有独特的旋转低温恒温器，用于在超级流体3HE中产生涡流。 Geim的小组将通过直接访问现代微型制造设施和介观物理学的广泛专业知识来为该项目做出贡献，包括介质超导体中的涡流物理学。我们打算在超氟3e的薄板中研究量化的涡旋，并由扁平边界限制，并具有人工制造的定期定期阵列的亚微米颠簸（固定中心的涡旋中心）。薄板几何形状中3HE的性质在许多方面应与散装超氟的特性不同，例如，循环的新型涡流预期仅是循环量子的一半。借助旋转低温恒温器，我们将引入所需密度的涡旋，同时将3HE保持在其超流体过渡温度低于0.9 mk的情况下。借助纳米固定固定中心的阵列，我们希望当涡旋和固定中心的密度匹配时，会观察到可相当性的效果。这将直接衡量涡旋密度，除其他外，还应使我们能够找出在某些实验条件下涡流是否可以分为分数。