Affective & Neurobiological Predictors of Adolescent-Onset Alcohol Use Disorders

情感

• 批准号: 7391390
• 负责人: DOUGLAS E WILLIAMSON
• 金额: $ 51.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-04-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7391390
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; child mental disorders; child psychology; clinical depression; clinical research; disease /disorder etiology; disease /disorder onset; disease /disorder proneness /risk; emotions; family genetics; gender difference; gene environment interaction; genetic polymorphism; human puberty; human subject; mental health epidemiology; neuroanatomy; neurobiology; neurogenetics; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics; stressor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Despite decades of research linking depression and alcohol use disorders (AUD), our understanding of their shared etiologies remains understudied, especially the importance of their emergence during adolescence, a period of increased susceptibility for AUD. This application describes a study of affective and neurobiological risk factors for the onset of AUD during adolescence. The aims of the study are to: 1) Identify the main effects and interactions among premorbid affective, neurobiological, genetic, and environmental factors as they relate to the risk to develop AUD; 2) Determine which combinations of these factors predict the eventual development of AUD during adolescence; and 3) Examine the consequences of AUD on adolescent brain development. The design is aimed at disentangling how these risk factors are involved in the development of AUD moderated by preexisting risk for depression. This will be accomplished by selecting two samples of adolescents, aged 12 to 14 years at the time of initial assessment, who have either high or low familial loading for depression and following them annually over a three year period into late adolescence. Measures will include: the assessment of mood and negative affect; functional imaging of neural circuitry subserving affective behaviors; genetic polymorphisms involved in serotonin neurotransmission; exposure to acute/chronic stressors; and dimensional assessments of alcohol use as well as disorders. The short-term goals of this work are to understand the etiologic links between depression and AUD and ultimately their emergence during adolescence. The long-term goals are to identify pathways and mechanisms involved in the development of AUD in ways that will inform early intervention and prevention strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）： 尽管对抑郁症和酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 之间的联系进行了数十年的研究，但我们对它们共同病因的理解仍然不足，特别是它们在青春期（AUD 易感性增加的时期）出现的重要性。本申请描述了一项关于青春期 AUD 发病的情感和神经生物学危险因素的研究。该研究的目的是： 1) 确定病前情感、神经生物学、遗传和环境因素之间的主要影响和相互作用，因为它们与发生 AUD 的风险有关； 2) 确定这些因素的哪些组合可以预测青春期 AUD 的最终发展； 3) 检查 AUD 对青少年大脑发育的影响。该设计旨在理清这些风险因素如何参与由先前存在的抑郁症风险调节的 AUD 的发展。为此，将选择两个青少年样本来完成，这些青少年在初次评估时年龄为 12 至 14 岁，家族抑郁症负担高或低，并在三年内每年对他们进行跟踪直至青春期后期。措施包括： 情绪和负面情绪的评估；促进情感行为的神经回路的功能成像；涉及血清素神经传递的遗传多态性；暴露于急性/慢性压力源；以及酒精使用和疾病的维度评估。这项工作的短期目标是了解抑郁症和 AUD 之间的病因联系以及最终它们在青春期的出现。长期目标是确定 AUD 发展的途径和机制，为早期干预和预防策略提供信息。