Adolescent nicotine exposure and subsequent alcohol use

青少年接触尼古丁和随后饮酒

• 批准号: 7157792
• 负责人: REX M Philpot
• 金额: $ 4.88万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-01 至 2009-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7157792
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; behavioral habituation /sensitization; biological signal transduction; cAMP response element binding protein; cell communication molecule; child psychology; early experience; gel mobility shift assay; genetic transcription; immunocytochemistry; juvenile animal; laboratory rat; molecular psychobiology; neuropharmacology; neuropsychology; nicotine; nucleus accumbens; phenotype; postdoctoral investigator; prefrontal lobe /cortex; protein kinase A; reinforcer; tegmentum; western blottings

Emerging evidence supports the idea that adolescence is a unique developmental period during which time individuals are more likely to experiment with drugs of abuse and are at greater risk for subsequent addiction. There is a strong correlation between the onset of nicotine addiction at an early age and addiction to alcohol as well as a heightened vulnerability to addiction to either ethanol or nicotine when use is initiated during adolescence. When the brain is exposed to drugs of abuse, adaptive changes take place that contribute to the addictive process. Evidence demonstrates that many drugs alter the expression and activity of two major transcription factors, viz., cAMP response element binding protein (CREB) and deltaFosB (a truncated form of FosB) and that these alterations lead to the expression of genes thought to mediate the addictive process. Although studies have suggested that CREB and deltaFosB may represent a common cellular target for the action of addictive drugs, few studies have focused on the cellular consequences of exposure to nicotine and subsequent vulnerability to alcohol, targeting the two most widely used/abused and coabused compounds in the adolescent population.

新出现的证据支持这样的观点：青春期是一个独特的发展时期，在此期间 个人更有可能尝试滥用药物，并且随后面临更大的风险 瘾。幼年尼古丁成瘾与成瘾之间存在很强的相关性 酒精以及在开始使用时更容易对乙醇或尼古丁上瘾 青春期期间。当大脑暴露于滥用药物时，会发生适应性变化 有助于成瘾过程。有证据表明许多药物会改变表达和活性 两个主要转录因子，即 cAMP 反应元件结合蛋白 (CREB) 和 deltaFosB（a FosB 的截短形式），并且这些改变导致被认为介导 上瘾的过程。尽管研究表明 CREB ​​和 deltaFosB 可能代表共同的 成瘾药物作用的细胞靶点，很少有研究关注成瘾药物的细胞后果 接触尼古丁并随后容易受到酒精影响，针对两种最广泛使用/滥用和 青少年群体中共同滥用的化合物。