LEVEL OF RESPONSE TO ALCOHOL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONING

对酒精的反应水平和大脑功能

• 批准号: 7147651
• 负责人: Marc A Schuckit
• 金额: $ 31.19万
• 依托单位: VETERANS MEDICAL RESEARCH FDN/SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-15 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7147651
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; behavioral /social science research tag; brain circulation; clinical research; executive function; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; interview; longitudinal human study; neural information processing; neuropharmacology; neuropsychological tests; neuropsychology; phenotype; prefrontal lobe /cortex; sensorimotor system; short term memory; visual stimulus; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The primary aim of the revised application is to understand cognitive features and brain systems that differentiate low- and high-level responders to alcohol, while under the influence of alcohol and without alcohol intoxication. Participants will be young adults ages 18-25 with the following exclusions: history of substance dependence or major psychiatric disorder, medical illness or use of medications that might interfere with alcohol challenge or affect brain imaging results, pregnancy, have had unpleasant reactions to moderate alcohol doses, left handed, or magnetic resonance imaging contraindications (e.g., metal, claustrophobia). Participants will be selected from annual mailings to college students, and classified as low or high level responders to alcohol, initially based on a standardized self-report instrument. Potential participants will receive a detailed diagnostic interview, and a traditional alcohol challenge to confirm level of response to alcohol and comfort in consuming moderate doses. Low (n=50) and high (n=50) level responders will be matched on: height, weight, race, gender, and recent use of alcohol, nicotine, and other drugs. Eligible participants will receive functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) two times: after drinking moderate doses of alcohol (up to 0.68 ml/kg alcohol for women and up to 0.75 ml/kg alcohol for men) and after drinking placebo. Order of beverage administration will be randomized. Each fMRI assessment will administer Visual Working Memory and Sensorimotor tasks during blood oxygen level dependent scan acquisition, structural MRI (for spatial localization), and arterial spin labeling (to control blood flow differences). The imaging session will start 30 minutes after beverage administration and last one hour, recording results at rising and falling BACs. The two imaging sessions will occur within the same week. Data will be compared in 2x2 analyses of variance to compare brain activation between low and high level responders with and without alcohol intoxication. These results will potentially develop a method for identifying low responders (a group at high risk for alcoholism) even before their first drink. The project will also expand our understanding of the neural substrates of the level of response to alcohol, a key risk factor for the development of alcohol dependence.

描述（由申请人提供）：修订后的申请的主要目的是了解在酒精影响下和没有酒精中毒的情况下区分低水平和高水平酒精反应者的认知特征和大脑系统。参与者将是 18-25 岁的年轻人，但不包括以下情况：有物质依赖史或严重精神疾病、患有医学疾病或使用可能干扰酒精挑战或影响脑成像结果的药物、怀孕、对适量饮酒有过不良反应剂量、左撇子或磁共振成像禁忌症（例如金属、幽闭恐惧症）。参与者将从每年发给大学生的邮件中选出，并最初根据标准化的自我报告工具分为对酒精反应低或高的人。潜在的参与者将接受详细的诊断访谈和传统的酒精挑战，以确认对酒精的反应水平以及饮用中等剂量的舒适度。低水平 (n=50) 和高水平 (n=50) 响应者将在以下方面进行匹配：身高、体重、种族、性别以及最近使用酒精、尼古丁和其他药物的情况。符合条件的参与者将接受两次功能磁共振成像 (fMRI)：饮用中等剂量的酒精（女性最多 0.68 毫升/公斤酒精，男性最多 0.75 毫升/公斤酒精）后和饮用安慰剂后。饮料的服用顺序将是随机的。每个功能磁共振成像评估将在血氧水平依赖性扫描采集、结构磁共振成像（用于空间定位）和动脉自旋标记（用于控制血流差异）期间管理视觉工作记忆和感觉运动任务。成像过程将在饮用饮料后 30 分钟开始，持续一小时，记录 BAC 上升和下降的结果。两次成像会议将在同一周内进行。数据将以 2x2 方差分析进行比较，以比较有或没有酒精中毒的低水平反应者和高水平反应者之间的大脑激活。这些结果可能会开发出一种方法，即使在第一次饮酒之前，也能识别出低反应者（酒精中毒的高风险群体）。该项目还将扩大我们对酒精反应水平神经基质的理解，酒精反应水平是形成酒精依赖的关键风险因素。