COMPUTATIONAL ASPECTS OF PRIMATE MEMORY

灵长类动物记忆的计算方面

• 批准号: 7369340
• 负责人: JOAQUIN M FUSTER
• 金额: $ 0.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7369340
• 关键词: COMPUTATIONAL; ASPECTS; PRIMATE; MEMORY

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Active short-term memory plays a critical role in the temporal organization of behavior, reasoning, and language. It is impaired in a variety of mental disorders, notably in the psychoses, major affective disorders and syndromes resulting from pathological aging of the brain. Recent experimental evidence indicates that active short-term memory consists in the sustained activation of an extensive network of interconnected neuronal assemblies of the cerebral cortex. Memory networks are widely distributed, extending beyond the boundaries of anatomically defined cortical areas. The mechanisms of active memory are believed to include the sustained circulation of neuronal impulses within one such network. This research will attempt to substantiate the distributed nature of active short-term memory and the reentry of neural impulses presumed to be the basis of short-term memory retention. Experiments with that objective will be conducted in nonhuman primates trained to perform auditory, tactile, and cross-modal memory tasks. Fields potentials and cell discharge will be recorded from frontal and parietal regions of the cortex during performance--and also to some extent during learning--of those tasks. Frequency and pattern of cell discharge will be analyzed for evidence of neuronal interactions within and between those cortical regions during the short-term memorization of sensory information. Special computational methods of time-series analysis will be used to explore those interactions. Some of the interactions will be further explored by reversible functional depression (by local cooling) of frontal cortex and the study of its effects on parietal cell discharge and the animal's performance of haptic memory tasks. The results of these studies are expected to shed light on the functional architecture of cortical memory networks and on the mechanisms of encoding, retention, and retrieval of memory. A better understanding of the neural dynamics of memory may h elp us better understand the pathogenesis of memory disorders in the mentally ill and thus lead to better treatments.

该子项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的许多研究子项目之一。子弹和调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构适用于该中心，这不一定是调查员的机构。活跃的短期记忆在行为，推理和语言的时间组织中起着至关重要的作用。它在多种精神障碍中受损，尤其是在精神病，主要情感障碍和由大脑病理衰老引起的主要情感障碍和综合征。最近的实验证据表明，活跃的短期记忆包括大脑皮层互连神经元组件的广泛网络的持续激活。存储网络广泛分布，超出了解剖学上定义的皮质区域的边界。据信主动记忆的机制包括在一个这样的网络中持续的神经元脉冲循环。这项研究将试图证实主动短期记忆的分布性质，以及被认为是短期记忆保留的基础的神经冲动的重新进入。该目标的实验将在训练有素的非人类灵长类动物中进行，以执行听觉，触觉和跨模式记忆任务。田间电位和细胞放电将在性能期间从皮层的额叶和顶部区域记录，并在某种程度上学习这些任务。将分析细胞放电的频率和模式，以获取在感觉信息的短期记忆期间这些皮质区域内和之间神经元相互作用的证据。时间序列分析的特殊计算方法将用于探索这些相互作用。通过可逆的功能性抑郁症（通过局部冷却）的额叶皮质及其对顶叶细胞放电的影响以及动物对触觉记忆任务的表现，将进一步探索一些相互作用。这些研究的结果有望阐明皮质记忆网络的功能架构以及编码，保留和检索的机制。对记忆的神经动力学的更好理解可能会使我们更好地了解精神病患者中记忆障碍的发病机理，从而导致更好的治疗方法。