CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation and Monitoring ( CASSEM )

CO2 含水层封存地点评估和监测 ( CASSEM )

基本信息

批准号：
DT/F007744/1
负责人：
Stuart Haszeldine
金额：
$ 91.67万
依托单位：
University of Edinburgh
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2008 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=DT%2FF007744%2F1
关键词：
CO2 Aquifer Storage Site Evaluation

项目摘要

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is considered to be a greenhouse gas. The concentration of CO2 in the earth atmosphere is an important control on earth surface temperature, and hence climate. CO2 dissolution in the oceans is also being recognised as an important factor in making surface seawater unusually acid / this severely affects ecosystems and species from algae to fish and whales. Increased CO2 in the atmosphere is recognised as being partly caused by burning of fossil fuels, such as coal and gas, in power stations. Carbon Capture and Storage is a suite of technologies which enables CO2 to be captured at power stations, liquefied by increasing the pressure, transported by a pipe, and injected deep underground in to pore space of deeply buried sedimentary rocks such as sandstones. This can effectively remove CO2 from the power cycle of fossil fuel use, and store the CO2 for tens of thousands of years, which enables the earth atmosphere to return to normal. Because of the very large CO2 volumes involved, it is not possible to build surface stores. Because of the acid effects of CO2, it is not possible to inject CO2 into seawater. By contrast, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) have calculated that more than 25% of world CO2 emissions could be stored by geological CCS. This could be a vital technology for the world's future. There is a great deal of interest worldwide in CCS and, because of the offshore oil industry, the North Sea is one of the world's prime areas for CCS to be rapidly developed. However, there are only three full-scale projects at present in the world. For UK power generating companies to become commercially interested the chain of technologies must be both demonstrated to work reliably, and must be capable of cost-effective development. This project is trying to identify aquifer sites deep underground which are close to power plant in the U.K., where CO2 can be safely stored, but sites are quicker and cheaper to develop than offshore in the North Sea. This can enable power generating companies to develop CCS over a period of years, on a medium scale, and learn to conduct the industrial operation. If this project is successful, it could lead to take up of CCS in the U.K. 10 or 15 years earlier than waiting for an infrastructure of large North Sea pipelines to be developed for CO2. When those pipes become available, UK power companies will be completely ready to connect power plant to store CO2 in large redundant hydrocarbon fields offshore. This could save many tens of million tons CO2 per year being emitted into the atmosphere from the U.K., and place the U.K. in the forefront of carbon reduction nations. The universities and companies involved in this 2.3M consortium are all experienced in investigating the deep subsurface for oil and gas production. Edinburgh, Heriot-Watt and BGS already have 1.6M from the Scottish Executive to establish the UK's largest research grouping to investigate CO2 storage. This expertise will be transferred to exploring for CO2 disposal sites. Using the information held by the British Geological Survey, maps will be made of the subsurface deep beneath England, and deep beneath the Forth estuary. Heriot-Watt university will assess the potential chemical reactions of CO2 with rock, and how much CO2 can be injected. Electricity generators, led by Scottish Power, will make engineering designs for modified power stations to supply CO2. Schlumberger and Marathon Oil, will assess the subsurface technology required for safe and reliable injection and monitoring. The University of Edinburgh will make computer simulations to determine if CO2 will leak deep below ground, and will assess how specific site is storage sites will perform to safely retain CO2. Amec will evaluate transport of CO2 by pipe. Tyndall will investigate the public attitudes at the candidate storage sites.

二氧化碳（CO2）被认为是温室气体。地球大气中二氧化碳的浓度是对地球表面温度的重要控制，因此是气候。海洋中的二氧化碳溶解也被认为是使表面海水异常酸 /这严重影响从藻类到鱼类和鲸鱼的生态系统和物种的重要因素。大气中的二氧化碳增加被认为部分是由于燃烧化石燃料（例如煤炭和天然气）在电站中引起的。碳捕获和储存是一套技术，使二氧化碳能够在电站捕获，通过增加压力，通过管道运输，并在地下深处注入深层埋藏沉积岩石（例如砂岩）的孔隙空间。这可以有效地从化石燃料使用的功率周期中删除CO2，并将CO2存储数万年，这使地球大气能恢复正常。由于涉及非常大的二氧化碳量，因此无法建立水面储存。由于二氧化碳的酸作用，因此无法将CO2注入海水。相比之下，政府间气候变化小组（IPCC）计算得出的是，超过25％的世界二氧化碳排放可以由地质CCS存储。这可能是世界未来的重要技术。 CCS在全球范围内引起了极大的兴趣，由于海上石油行业，北海是CC迅速发展的世界上主要领域之一。但是，目前，世界上只有三个全尺度项目。要使英国发电公司对商业感兴趣，必须证明一系列技术可以可靠地工作，并且必须能够具有成本效益的发展。该项目试图确定地下深处的含水层站点，这些地下靠近英国的电厂，可以安全地存储二氧化碳，但是与北海的离岸相比，二氧化碳的开发更快，更便宜。这可以使发电公司能够以中等规模开发CCS，并学会进行工业运营。如果这个项目成功，可能会导致英国10或15年提前占用CC，而不是等待为CO2开发大型北海管道的基础设施。当这些管道可用时，英国电力公司将完全准备将发电厂连接起来，将CO2存储在近海的大型冗余碳氢化合物田中。这可以节省每年从英国排放到大气中的数千万吨二氧化碳，并将英国置于碳减少国家的最前沿。参与这个230万财团的大学和公司都在调查石油和天然气生产的深度地下经验丰富。爱丁堡，Heriot-watt和BGS已经从苏格兰高管拥有160万，以建立英国最大的研究组，以调查二氧化碳存储。该专业知识将转移到探索CO2处置站点的探索。使用英国地质调查局持有的信息，地图将由英格兰深处的地下和第四河口深处制成。 Heriot-Watt大学将评估二氧化碳与岩石的潜在化学反应，以及可以注入多少二氧化碳。由苏格兰电力领导的电力发电机将为修改的电站提供工程设计，以提供二氧化碳。 Schlumberger和Marathon Oil将评估安全可靠的注射和监测所需的地下技术。爱丁堡大学将进行计算机模拟，以确定二氧化碳是否会在地面深处泄漏，并评估特定地点是储存地点如何执行以安全保留CO2。 AMEC将通过管道评估CO2的运输。 Tyndall将调查候选存储网站的公众态度。